Sustainability of the water footprint of the Spanish pork industry

Miguel, Ángel de; Hoekstra, Arjen Ysbert; García‐Calvo, Eloy

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.023

Cited by 78 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Despite the differences in water use efficiency across countries, green water is the most important component of the WF diet in both countries. These results are in accordance with other studies that concluded the dominance of green water in food production [10,12,14,17,19,28].…”

Section: Products' Origins Matter: Water Footprints In Spain and Ussupporting

confidence: 83%

“…De Miguel et al [17], studied the water footprint of the Spanish pork industry and obtained lower values than those estimated by Mekonnen and Hoekstra [42] (6094 L/kg versus 7184.3 L/kg respectively). The wide range of WF estimations for the same products and countries requires a detailed comparison of the values reported by Mekonnen and Hoektra [41,42].…”

Section: Data Limitation and Further Research: Water Footprint Of Evementioning

confidence: 87%

“…Previous research has found that WF estimations for the same products and countries can differ significantly [17,19,20]. The specific local climate and agricultural practices have a large effect on the WF of products.…”

Section: Data Limitation and Further Research: Water Footprint Of Evementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A WFA involves four steps: (1) definition of the scope and goals of the assessment; (2) water accounting; (3) sustainability assessment; and (4) response formulation. There is ample literature exemplifying the usefulness of WFAs [17][18][19][20][21]. As opposed to the WFA, the LCA is more suitable when the goal is to evaluate the environmental impacts linked to different human activities, where water use is one among many different impacts that can be assessed [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluating the Water Footprint of the Mediterranean and American Diets

Blas

Garrido

Willaarts

2016

Water

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Global food demand is increasing rapidly as a result of multiple drivers including population growth, dietary shifts and economic development. Meeting the rising global food demand will require expanding agricultural production and promoting healthier and more sustainable diets. The goal of this paper is to assess and compare the water footprint (WF) of two recommended diets (Mediterranean and American), and evaluate the water savings of possible dietary shifts in two countries: Spain and the United States (US). Our results show that the American diet has a 29% higher WF in comparison with the Mediterranean, regardless of products' origin. In the US, a shift to a Mediterranean diet would decrease the WF by 1629 L/person/day. Meanwhile, a shift towards an American diet in Spain will increase the WF by 1504 L/person/day. The largest share of the WF of both diets is always linked to green water (62%-75%). Grey water in the US is 67% higher in comparison with Spain. Only five products account for 36%-46% of the total WF of the two dietary options in both countries, being meat, oil and dairy products the food items with the largest WFs. Our study demonstrates that adopting diets based on a greater consumption of vegetables, fruits and fish, like the Mediterranean one, leads to major water savings.

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Section: Products' Origins Matter: Water Footprints In Spain and Ussupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Data Limitation and Further Research: Water Footprint Of Evementioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Data Limitation and Further Research: Water Footprint Of Evementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluating the Water Footprint of the Mediterranean and American Diets

Blas

Garrido

Willaarts

2016

Water

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“…[27] regarding the environmental impact of 15 pig farming systems in the European Union Q-PorkChains project; ref. [28] in Spain concerning the water footprint of the pork industry; ref. [29] in Italy concerning the environmental impact of the typical heavy pig production; ref.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-Objective Optimization Model Based on Profit and CO2 Emissions for Pig Deliveries to the Abattoir

2018

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This paper presents a bi-objective model for optimizing pig deliveries to the abattoir accounting for total revenue and CO 2 emissions. Fattening farms house the most important stage in pig production, and operations on farms must be coordinated with the rest of the pig supply chain when batch management is generally applied. The novelty of the model lies in the change of attitude in producers towards a greener production, which is becoming one of the major concerns in our society. In this context, we enrich the classical approach focused on revenues with the addition of the CO 2 emissions from the pigs on the fattening farms. Emissions derived from feeding and transportation are considered since they are the most important sources of CO 2 . The model is tested using parameters representing a typical integrated Spanish fattening farm. Our findings reveal the impact and the relationship between revenues and emissions, highlight that the break-even is reached achieving 459 kg of CO 2 per pig, which corresponds to a reduction of 6.05%. On the other hand, the profit is slightly reduced by 4.48% in favor of the environment.

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Reduction of Sugarcane Water Footprint by Controlled Drainage, in Khuzestan, Iran

Jahani

Mohammadi

Nasseri

et al. 2017

Irrigation and Drainage

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The main objective of this study was to estimate the different components of the water footprint for sugarcane production under the conditions of free (FD) and controlled drainage (as an on‐farm strategy for agricultural water management, CD) in an arid and semi‐arid region in the south‐west of Iran (Khuzestan Province). The different components of the water footprint (green, blue and grey) were assessed based on on‐farm measurements. The total amount of water footprint for sugarcane production in the study area stood at 250 m3t−1 in the treatment FD. Of this, 12.2, 71.8 and 16.0% were of the green, blue and grey water footprints, respectively. By using CD this value was reduced to 203 m3t−1 in total, of which, 13.7, 76.8 and 9.5% were of the green, blue and grey water footprints, respectively. This decrease in the amount of water footprint seems to be mainly a result of an increase in crop productivity (due to soil condition improvement), reduction of the in‐ and outflow of the sugarcane farm and also reduction of nitrate losses in the CD treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Sustainability of the water footprint of the Spanish pork industry

Cited by 78 publications

References 42 publications

Evaluating the Water Footprint of the Mediterranean and American Diets

Evaluating the Water Footprint of the Mediterranean and American Diets

Bi-Objective Optimization Model Based on Profit and CO2 Emissions for Pig Deliveries to the Abattoir

Reduction of Sugarcane Water Footprint by Controlled Drainage, in Khuzestan, Iran

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