Sustainability of Sheep Farming in Eastern Mediterranean Region

Abstract

Sheep farming in this region holds economic, social, and environmental significance, contributing to livelihoods and food production for the local population. The sustainability of sheep production in the region faces threats from various factors, including climate, nutrition, health, and breeding systems. Efforts have been undertaken in recent years to develop improved feeding and management practices, as well as to ensure the welfare of ruminants. Adapting to changing climatic conditions has been recognized as a priority to ensure the continuity of small ruminant production in the region. However, the sheep farming sector has faced challenges from both the global pandemic and the food crisis in recent years. These external factors have posed additional hurdles for sustainable and profitable sheep production. This chapter aims to identify socio-economic and environmental sustainability issues in sheep production in the Eastern Mediterranean region. It emphasizes the need to address these issues for the future sustainability and profitability of sheep farming. This may involve implementing resilient and adaptive strategies to cope with changing climate conditions, improving resource management, and finding solutions to the challenges posed by external crises.