Sustainability of cutting frozen wood - an analysis of buzz saw blades cutting performance depending on wood temperature

Schmidt, Christoph Q.; Westermann, Hans-Henrik; Thorenz, Benjamin; Steinhilper, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2018.06.082

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Additionally, as in similar research studies [5,[8][9][10][11][12], we discovered that freezing and the time of exposure to negative temperatures significantly reduced all mechanical wood properties and increased the dimensional instability inside the wood. Conversely, other researchers [13][14][15] discovered that as temperature decreased, the efficiency of cutting Additionally, as in similar research studies [5,[8][9][10][11][12], we discovered that freezing and the time of exposure to negative temperatures significantly reduced all mechanical wood properties and increased the dimensional instability inside the wood. Conversely, other researchers [13][14][15] discovered that as temperature decreased, the efficiency of cutting processes for frozen wood decreased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Conversely, other researchers [13][14][15] discovered that as temperature decreased, the efficiency of cutting Additionally, as in similar research studies [5,[8][9][10][11][12], we discovered that freezing and the time of exposure to negative temperatures significantly reduced all mechanical wood properties and increased the dimensional instability inside the wood. Conversely, other researchers [13][14][15] discovered that as temperature decreased, the efficiency of cutting processes for frozen wood decreased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Results [13] showed that in the cutting process, the highest cutting power corresponded to sawing frozen wood, while there was no significant difference between sawing dry and green wood. Next, researchers [14,15] discovered that, especially in environments with sub-zero temperatures, the moisture in frozen logs has a crucial influence on the material's properties. According to [14], the hardness of ice increases exponentially along temperature decreases; the efficiency of cutting processes for cutting frozen wood decreases too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Wood Moisture Content on the Processes of Freezing and Heating

2021

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In wood processing, wood is exposed to an environmental temperature of less than 0 °C for some time, which mainly occurs during the air drying of wood in the winter months, or when lumber is stored in wood piles outdoors before the kiln drying process. In these cases, the wood freezing process increases the degree of freezing of the wood, subsequently significantly affecting the process of its heating during further processing (for example, in the cutting process). The most common method is heating by humid air, during the hot air drying of wood. We analyzed the temperature profiles on a cross-section of wood and moisture losses due to the freezing process and the size of moisture gradients. We compared theoretical calculations of the time required for defrosting and heating of wood with the experimentally measured values. The results show that the moisture content (MC) of wood has a remarkable effect on the wood freezing process. In samples with an average MC of 35.47%, the temperature drop was faster. After 10 h, the temperatures on the entire cross-section of the samples reached the lowest value of −13.2 °C. In samples with an average initial MC of 81.38%, three stages of temperature reduction in the wood were observed. The temperature dropped and the lowest temperature of −20.11 °C was reached after 24 h. The defrosting and heating process of samples with lower MC was significantly easier. The desired temperature of 65 °C in the middle of the samples was reached in 2 h and 20 min. The total time to defrost and heat the second group of samples (MC > FSP) was 3 h 30 min.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Wood Moisture Content on the Processes of Freezing and Heating

2021

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“…A single factor experiment was conducted to study the effect of cutting line speed and feed rate and branch diameter on the cutting force. The parameters, five cutting line speeds (20,30,40,50, and 55 m/s), nine feed rates (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 m/s), and five branch diameters (12,15,18,20, and 25 mm) were chosen for the experiments. On the basis of single-factor test results, according to Box-Behnken principle, three levels of cutting line speeds (30,40, and 50 m/s), three levels of feed rate (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 m/s), and three levels of branch diameters (15, 20, and 25 mm) were chosen for the full factorial experiment.…”

Section: Cutting Force Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schmidt et al indicated that the increase of cutting force can be explained by the reduction of feed force. The feed force decreased with the increase of feed rate except for the tool angle at 46 degrees to 80 degrees [15]. Vahid et al reported that the cutting power and waviness increased with the increase of feed rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influencing Factors of Cutting Force for Apple Tree Branch Pruning

et al. 2022

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Apple, which occupies the first position in the world with regard to its yield, is an important economic crop in China. Pruning of apple trees is still dominated by manual pruning, resulting in high labor costs and low efficiency. Additionally, there are some limitations with pruning machines. Thus, research regarding the mechanical properties of apple branches is the basis for the designing proper pruning machine. This paper aims to study the effect of the feed rate, cutting line speed, branch diameter, and moisture content on the cutting force. Results revealed that cutting force depended on the feed rate, cutting line speed, and branch diameter. Furthermore, both the cutting line speed and the branch diameter had a significant effect on the cutting force (p < 0.01), while the feed rate had a small effect on the cutting force (p > 0.05). However, the moisture content had no effect on the cutting force, with a difference of cutting force between samples with moisture content of 15% and 50% less than 5%. Based on the experiments performed, an equation relating the feed rate, the cutting line speed, the branch diameter was derived to calculate the cutting force. By verification test, it established that regression equation was valid with error less than 4%. This study explored the mechanical properties of apple branch, and obtained the optimal cutting parameters, which can provide a reference for the design of the pruning machine.

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Investigation of Cutting Force and Surface Quality in Frozen Wood Sawing Under Varying Influencing Factors to Improve the Energy- and Resource Efficiency of Sawing Processes

Schreiner

Schmidt

Thorenz

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Wood as a renewable material plays an important role in transforming society towards sustainability and climate neutrality. However, wood is a difficult material to saw due to its anisotropic and inhomogeneous properties. Currently, the adaption of process parameters due to varying wood temperature and moisture content are solely based on operator experience. This frequently results in unfavorable settings of process parameters leading to a drastic increase in energy consumption and poor surface quality of the sawn wood. This paper investigates the cutting force when sawing frozen spruce wood with a two tooth research saw blade and the surface quality of the resulting wood samples under varying influencing factors. The material properties temperature between 20 ℃ and −40 ℃ and moisture content as well as the kinematic factor cutting direction were observed. The results show that the cutting force of moist and wet wood increase with decreasing temperature and remain constant for dry wood. Additionally, the surface quality of wet and dry wood samples is improved when sawing wood with lower temperature values. Using these results, the operator can be supported by a data driven approach for the adaption of machining parameters, hence improving the energy- and resource-efficiency of the process.

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Sustainability of cutting frozen wood - an analysis of buzz saw blades cutting performance depending on wood temperature

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

The Influence of Wood Moisture Content on the Processes of Freezing and Heating

The Influence of Wood Moisture Content on the Processes of Freezing and Heating

Influencing Factors of Cutting Force for Apple Tree Branch Pruning

Investigation of Cutting Force and Surface Quality in Frozen Wood Sawing Under Varying Influencing Factors to Improve the Energy- and Resource Efficiency of Sawing Processes

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