Sustainability, equity, and natural resource development in Northwest Siberia and Arctic Alaska

Chance, Norman A.; Andreeva, Elena N.

doi:10.1007/bf01191650

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…During extensive, mostly ecological, fieldwork between 1991 and 1999, conducted by Forbes (BCF), including two annual meetings of the Russian Reindeer Herders' Association, climate change was never raised as a topic of discussion. Much more immediate concerns during this period arose from the wide range of environmental, social and economic impacts of gas extraction and related infrastructure development on Yamal Peninusula (Chance & Andreeva 1995; Forbes 1995; Pika & Bogoyavlensky 1995; Golovnev & Osherenko 1999). This brings into question whether or not a climate change research agenda is appropriate for Arctic Russia, and other regions and countries where different concerns are paramount.…”

Section: Modern Nenets' Reindeer Management In a Warming Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia

Forbes

Stammler

2009

Polar Research

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In this paper we explore how Western scientific concepts and attitudes towards indigenous knowledge, as they pertain to resource management and climate change, differ from the prevailing view in modern Russia. Western indigenous leaders representing the Inuit and Saami peoples are actively engaged in the academic and political discourse surrounding climate change, whereas their Russian colleagues tend to focus more on legislation and self‐determination, as a post‐Soviet legacy. We contribute to the debate with data from the Nenets tundra, showing how different research has employed the three crucial Western research paradigms of climate change, wildlife management and indigenous knowledge on the ground. We suggest that the daily practice of tundra nomadism involves permanent processes of negotiating one's position in a changing environment, which is why “adaptation” is woven into the society, and cosmology as a whole, rather than being separable into distinct “bodies” of knowledge or Western‐designed categories. We argue that research agendas should be placed in their proper local and regional context, and temporal framework: for example, by collaborating with herders on the topics of weather instead of climate change, herding skills instead of wildlife management, and ways of engaging with the tundra instead of traditional ecological knowledge.

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Section: Modern Nenets' Reindeer Management In a Warming Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia

Forbes

Stammler

2009

Polar Research

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“…Current applied anthropological research on sustainability in arctic and Pacific communities emphasizes sustainable development and competing rationales driving natural resource uses (e.g., [64,65]). Many of these studies focus on single development events, or series of events, in the contemporary world and how indigenous peoples have suffered or thrived due to the impacts of such development, such as the hydroelectric development in Cree territory in Québec [66].…”

Section: Human Economic and Ecological Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining Sanak Island, Alaska: A Cultural Land Trust

Reedy-Maschner

Maschner

2013

Sustainability

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Sanak Island is the easternmost of the Aleutian Islands and was inhabited by the Aleut (Unangan) peoples for nearly 7000 years. The past few centuries of Sanak Island life for its Aleut residents can be summarized from ethnohistoric documents and extensive interviews with former residents as shifting local-global economic patterns beginning with the sea otter fur trade, followed by cod and salmon fishing, fox farming, and cattle ranching through waves of Russian, American, and Scandinavian authority and/or influence. As the industries changed and the island absorbed new peoples with new goals, Aleut identity and practices also changed as part of these shifting economic and social environments. Sanak Island was abandoned in the 1970s and although uninhabited today, Sanak Island is managed as an important land trust for the island's descendants that serves local peoples as a marine-scape rich in resources for Aleut subsistence harvesting and as a local heritage site where people draw on the diverse historical influences and legacies. Further, this move from an industrial heritage to contemporary local subsistence economies facilitated by a commercial fishing industry is a unique reversal of development in the region with broad implications for community sustainability among indigenous communities. We find that by being place-focused, rather than place-based, community sustainability can be maintained even in the context of relocation and the loss of traditional villages. This will likely become more common as indigenous peoples adapt to globalization and the forces of global change.

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“…Comparative analysis of northern Russia's environmental and socioeconomic plight and that of other circumpolar cases has been ongoing for at least a decade (Chance and Andreeva, 1995). A survey of the progress in self-government and the degree of autonomy and selfdetermination among indigenous peoples of the Arctic reveals that the indigenous peoples of Russia are seriously lagging behind.…”

Section: Indigenous Sustainability In the Russian Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Local Definitions of Sustainability in the Arctic: Insights from Post-Soviet Sakha Villages

Crate¹

2009

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Contemporary survival for post-Soviet Russia's indigenous communities is complicated both by a Soviet legacy that undermined local ecological knowledge, kinship settlement patterns, land and resource rights, and robust ecosystems, and by the contemporary effects of globalization and modernity. Efforts to achieve sustainability lack a focus on local contexts, although recent research, especially in anthropology, underscores the need to develop sustainability criteria that are both flexible and adaptable to local contexts. Community-based research in post-Soviet Viliui Sakha indigenous communities of northeastern Siberia, Russia, has shown that inhabitants define sustainability as the building of local diversified economies, communities, and health via strong local leadership, a shared vision to work toward common goals, the reinstatement of local knowledge, and rights to land and resources. Realization of these ideas may be achieved by continued collaboration between circumpolar researchers and communities to facilitate the influx of ideas and models of success from other Arctic regions and by potential outcomes of intergovernmental action between the Russian Federation and its circumpolar neighbors through Russia's chairing of the Arctic Council. Implementation of flexible, locally adaptable sustainability criteria is central to these efforts.Key words: indigenous peoples, sustainability, post-Soviet Russia, circumpolar cooperation, Sakha RÉSUMÉ. La survie contemporaine des collectivités indigènes russes post-soviétiques est rendue complexe par un patrimoine soviétique qui minait le savoir écologique local, les tendances en matière de parenté, les droits à la terre et aux ressources, et les écosystèmes robustes, de même que par les effets contemporains de la mondialisation et la modernisation. Les efforts en matière d'atteinte de la durabilité ne portent pas suffisamment sur les contextes locaux, bien que des recherches récentes, notamment en anthropologie, fassent ressortir la nécessité d'élaborer des critères de durabilité qui sont à la fois souples et adaptables aux contextes locaux. Des recherches communautaires réalisées au sein des collectivités indigènes post-soviétiques de Viliui Sakha dans le nord-est de la Sibérie, en Russie, ont permis de constater que les habitants définissent la durabilité comme l'édification d'économies et de collectivités locales diversifiées et en santé grâce à un bon leadership local, à une vision partagée visant des objectifs communs, au rétablissement du savoir local et aux droits à la terre et aux ressources. La concrétisation de ces idées peut être rendue possible par une collaboration continue entre les chercheurs et les collectivités circumpolaires et ce, dans le but de faciliter l'apport d'idées et de modèles de réussites provenant d'autres régions de l'Arctique ainsi que par les résultats éventuels de mesures intergouvernementales entre la Fédération de Russie et ses voisins circumpolaires au moyen de la présidence du Conseil de l'Arctique par la Russie. Ces ef...

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Sustainability, equity, and natural resource development in Northwest Siberia and Arctic Alaska

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia

Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia

Sustaining Sanak Island, Alaska: A Cultural Land Trust

Investigating Local Definitions of Sustainability in the Arctic: Insights from Post-Soviet Sakha Villages

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