Twenty papers were selected, and the authors invited to submit an extended version for regular journal review, in order to be included into this special issue. After the journal's review process, 13 papers were accepted for publication.This special issue of Environment, Development and Sustainability draws together a wide range of contributions which show that a multidisciplinary research agenda is essential to understand both the energy and environment nexus and challenges. As in the previous edition (Ferreira et al. 2016), the topics are vast but a common trend towards some main issues can be highlighted. Specifically, three main areas are covered in this special issue: the research on clean mobility technologies, problems related to sustainability evaluation and pathways and policies to guide the transition of the energy markets. Although important advancements have been achieved during the last 2 years, the dynamic nature of the energy markets and the quick development of technological and non-technological innovations increasingly offer more complex challenges and provide a fertile field for research.The transportation system has been the focus of different studies and projects, with the electric vehicle assuming a crucial option for the sector decarbonization process. The topic is debated in this special issue in Ajanovic and Haas (2019) and Neves et al. (2019), using different approaches but common concerns.