Suspended sediment transport in a river basin estimated by chemical composition analysis

Ishida, Tamao; Nakayama, Keisuke; Okada, Tomonari; Maruya, Yasuyuki; Onishi, Kiyofumi; Omori, Mio

doi:10.3178/hrl.4.55

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…However, land groups G8 and G7, located between the left and right branches of the main stream are both represented by sampling station 12. Each sampling point was located based on geographical information system (GIS) data such as landuse, topsoil type, elevation and vegetation type following Ishida et al (2010) 15) and on the availability of access roads. Three representative soil samples of approximately 1125 cm 3 (15 cm x 15 cm x 5 cm) were collected from the surface layer of selected areas with similar vegetation characteristics and similar slopes in October of 2013.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mineral magnetism, mineralogy and color, environmental radionuclides and rare earth elements) are compared, have proven to be useful when applied along with appropriate statistical analyses 12),13),14),15),16), 17) . In particular, Ishida et al (2010) demonstrated that the geochemical composition of the SS, analyzed by XRF, can be used to distinguish the contributions from different sub-basins across an entire riverbasin to the downstream area 15) . However, the method proposed in Ishida et al (2010) 15) is based on similarities estimated from correlation coefficients between each sub-basin and the downstream end and there is an unknown parameter, related to the weight coefficient for SS export rate, to be determined empirically that needs to be investigated through an independent method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suspended Sediment Transport Estimation by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

et al. 2016

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This study proposes an improvement to the method for evaluating suspended sediment (SS) transport from different regions of a catchment to the downstream area using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The target area, the Oromushi River basin in Hokkaido, has SS yields among the highest in Japan due to the predominance of soils originated from volcanic rock and high contents of silt. The geochemical composition of soil and deposited sediment samples collected from 12 land groups, each with an area of 2.45 km 2 , was analyzed by XRF analysis. Kruskal-Wallis H test results pointed out that among the detected geochemical components by XRF only Na 2

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspended Sediment Transport Estimation by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

et al. 2016

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“…If most of the suspended sediment originates from a particular source group, the tracer properties associated with that sediment will be similar to those associated with that source group. Since the similarity (definable as the inverse of the difference) in tracer properties between suspended sediment and source area can represent the contribution of the source area to the suspended sediment [Ishida et al, 2010], we assumed that the contribution of a source group to the suspended sediment can be calculated as follows:…”

Section: Statistical and Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, sediment fingerprinting studies have been focused on elucidating the suspended sediment sources within a catchment, using the quantitative interpretation of multivariate properties and property ratios, encompassing various mineralogic [Ohishi et al, 2010], magnetic [Foster and Lees, 1999], radiometric [Olley et al, 1993;Collins et al, 1998;Walling et al, 1999;Yeager et al, 2002;Kato et al, 2005;Mizugaki et al, 2008;Uchida et al, 2009;Fukuyama et al, 2010], and chemical [Ishida et al, 2010] parameters. The level of radiation on the earth's surface has been reported to differ depending on the underlying bed rock [Wollenberg and Smith, 1990;Furukawa, 1993;Matsuda and Minato, 1999]; therefore, researchers have used the activities of radionuclides as parameters by which to fingerprint the suspended sediment sources in a multivariate sediment mixing model [Collins et al, 1998;Walling et al, 1999;Yeager et al, 2002].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprinting Suspended Sediment Sources in the Nukabira River, Northern Japan

Mizugaki

Abe

Murakámi

et al. 2012

IJECE

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Geological setting is crucial to the occurrence of slope failure and landslides, resulting in prolonged suspended sediment runoff; in this sense, local geology can affect the magnitude of suspended sediment yield. To clarify the suspended sediment sources in a watershed with various geological units, hydrological monitoring and fingerprinting techniques using natural radionuclides were conducted during a heavy rainfall event in August 2010 in the Nukabira River watershed, a tributary of the Saru River, in northern Japan. A GIS analysis for slope failure and landslide areas was also conducted to investigate the distribution of potential suspended sediment sources. During the rainfall event, the dominant sources of suspended sediment were found to be areas consisting of metamorphic rock (31%), sedimentary rock (30%), and accretionary sedimentary rock (24%). The highest sediment yield was found in metamorphic rock, which is consistent with the dense distribution of slope failure and landslides identified by the GIS analysis. Active landslides can introduce a significant amount of sediment from the hillslope to the stream channel, providing a source of fine sediment. In the area of the accretionary basalt block, there was an inconsistency between the sediment yield and the density of slope failure and landslides, perhaps attributable to the lack of a fine particle fraction in the sediment deposited on the bare slope along the stream channel and riverbed due to the resistance of bed rock to slaking and weathering. These results indicate that natural radionuclides can be used in order to elucidate the suspended sediment sources and sediment yield of various geological units within a watershed.

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“…2. Since previous studies have revealed that surface soil transport is related to the spatial distribution of surface soil type, land-use type and vegetation (Ishida et al, 2010), the location of each sampling station was selected by dividing the river basin into 21 domains (sub-basin areas) that vary in soil type and vegetation.…”

Section: Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of nutrient contributions from the ocean across a river basin using stable isotope analysis

Nakayama

Maruya

Matsumoto

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Abstract. Since marine derived nutrients (MDN) are transported not only in river channels but also across the entire river basin, including via ground water and migratory animals, it is necessary to investigate the contribution of MDN to the forest floor (soils) in order to quantify the true role of MDN at the river ecosystem scale. This study investigated the contribution of pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum salmon (O. keta) to total oceanic nitrogen (TN) input across a river basin using stable isotope analysis (SIA) of nitrogen (δ15N). The contribution of TN entering the river basin by salmon was 23.8 % relative to the total amount of TN exported from the river basin, providing a first estimate of MDN export for a river basin. The contribution of nitrogen from the ocean to the river basin soils was between 22.9 and 23.8 %. Furthermore, SIA showed that the transport of oceanic TN by sea eagles (Haliaeetus spp.) was greater than that by bears (Ursus arctos), which had previously been that bears are thought to be the major animal transporter of nutrients in the northern part of Japan.

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Suspended sediment transport in a river basin estimated by chemical composition analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Suspended Sediment Transport Estimation by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

Suspended Sediment Transport Estimation by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

Fingerprinting Suspended Sediment Sources in the Nukabira River, Northern Japan

Estimation of nutrient contributions from the ocean across a river basin using stable isotope analysis

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