Suspended 3D pyrolytic carbon microelectrodes for electrochemistry

Abstract

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SU-8 based pyrolytic carbon for the electrochemical detection of dopamine

“…Although DA has previously been measured using SU-8 based thin film PyC electrodes, it has only been reported at high concentrations (Z5 mM 16,17 ). Here we showed the detection of DA at physiologically relevant concentrations.…”

“…Fabricating pyrolytic carbon (PyC) films from photoresists has gained interest due to the possibility of forming uniform films with controlled properties. Moreover, photoresists are readily patternable and enable 3D structuring, [15][16][17][18] making them extremely versatile as a fabrication material. Under this category, SU-8 is one of the most commonly reported materials.…”

“…Large densities of edge-plane sites and oxygenated functionalities of PyC make it an ideal candidate for electrochemical sensor applications. 20 Recently, the electrochemical performance of SU-8 based PyC electrodes has been probed with common outer and inner sphere probes, 16,21,22 but it has not been widely applied in the detection of biological molecules. The detection of DA has been shown previously, but only at nonphysiological high (Z5 mM) concentrations.…”

“…The detection of DA has been shown previously, but only at nonphysiological high (Z5 mM) concentrations. 16,17 Moreover, PyC has dopaminergic properties, i.e. promotes neural stem cell differentiation to dopaminergic phenotype, 15 which makes PyC a highly interesting material for DA sensors.…”

Pyrolytic Carbon Nanograss Enhances Neurogenesis and Dopaminergic Differentiation of Human Midbrain Neural Stem Cells

“…[28,29] Conductive cell scaffolds are of great interest to study inherent neuronal electroactivities since these structures provide both structural support and electrical means for stimulating cell population or read-out of the response by electrochemical techniques. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Carbon nanomaterials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been studied as substrates for facilitating growth, differentiation, and electrical stimulation of neural stem cells, due to their biocompatibility and conductive nature of the material. [32] The fabrication of pyrolytic carbon scaffolds is achieved through pyrolysis, a process that encompasses the gradual heating and carbonization of polymer precursors at high temperatures in a controlled and inert environment.…”