Suscetibilidade à Erosão Laminar e Linear da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Vermelho e a sua Relação com o Uso e Cobertura da Terra em 2012

Abstract

Loss of soil by erosion leads to reduced agricultural productivity, and when at an advanced stage, it drives soil degradation, rendering it unfit for agricultural cultivation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility of the Rio Vermelho Hydrographic Basin (BHRV) to laminar erosion and the susceptibility to linear erosion of the Córrego Grande sub-basin, located in the most susceptible compartment of the BHRV, in order to identify favorable areas to erosion. The high basin, which encompasses the municipalities of Goiás, Buriti de Goiás, Fazenda Nova, Novo Brasil and Mossamedes, was the compartment that presented the greatest susceptibility to laminar erosion, due to the presence of soils of high erodibility on a relief of high slope, favoring the superficial flow in detriment to the infiltration of water in the soil. In this compartment, pasture areas located in Serra de Santa Rita in Faina, and Serra Dourada in Goiás, had some terrain whose soil use was incompatible with the susceptibility to laminar erosion, presenting high potential for the occurrence of erosive foci of laminar origin. The lowest susceptibility to laminar erosion occurred in the low basin, particularly in the municipalities of Britania and Aruanã, because it is a flat relief area of low altitudes on recent sedimentary deposits. Comparing susceptibility to laminar erosion with linear erosion for the Córrego Grande sub-basin, differently from the former, susceptibility to linear erosion is higher in intermediate slopes (7-17%), which favors a higher concentration of surface runoff.