Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Neuropsychologic Outcome and Pediatric Head Injury

Babikian, Talin; Freier, M. Catherin; Tong, Karen A.; Nickerson, Joshua P.; Wall, Christopher J.; Holshouser, Barbara A.; Burley, Todd; Riggs, Matt L.; Ashwal, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.03.015

Cited by 158 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

102

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the diagnosis of ADHD follows the principle of clinical guidelines in Taiwan, the differential surveillance may inflate the ADHD risk and thus would be subject to some information bias. Second, although several TBI studies have reported that the locations of lesions were correlated with neurocognitive impairment (26,27), we were unable to obtain detailed information of neuroimages (lesion characteristics) from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Information on some external causes of TBI, such as falls, motor vehicle crashes, and violence, was also unavailable.…”

Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of traumatic brain injury in childhood and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:We evaluated the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) following childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we included 10,416 newly diagnosed TBI children (aged ≤12 y) between 2001 and 2002 and 41,664 children without TBI, who were frequency matched by sex, age, and year of the index medical service with each TBI child, as controls. Children who had been diagnosed with ADHD prior to their medical service index were excluded. Each individual was followed for 9 y to identify ADHD diagnosis. We also compared the ADHD risk in children who were treated for fractures but not TBI as sensitivity analysis. results: During the 9-y follow-up period, children with TBI had a higher ADHD risk (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19, 1.45) than did those without TBI. Furthermore, children with mild and severe TBI had higher AHRs for ADHD than did those without TBI (AHR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.10, 1.53; and AHR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.22, 1.55). However, no significant association was observed between fractures and ADHD. conclusion: TBI in childhood is associated with a greater likelihood of developing ADHD. t raumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in children and often results in persistent behavioral disturbances and neurocognitive deficits in attention, learning, and memory (1-3). Children with cognitive impairment following TBI impose a great economic and social burden on their families and communities. In addition, these children are more likely to have slower psychosocial development and exhibit poor academic achievement. Therefore, the relationship between TBI and neuropsychiatric consequences has become a crucial research topic.Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder, is associated with impulsivity, excessive talking, difficulty in sustaining attention, being easily distracted, and injuries (4-6). Studies have reported a relationship between ADHD and childhood TBI (7-10). Unlike other diseases resulting from various pathogenic mechanisms, TBI is caused by a complex interplay among damages occurring in the neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and neurophysiology because of primary and secondary processes (11). A meta-analytic review showed that neurocognitive outcomes after pediatric TBI have a dose-response relationship with injury severity. Babikian and colleagues found that patients with severe TBI exhibited poorer performance in intelligence quotient tests, executive functioning, processing speed, attention maintenance, verbal immediate memory, and delayed memory, whereas patients with mild TBI exhibited no change (12). In addition, several studies have suggested that children with moderate to severe TBI are significantly more likely to develop ADHD symptoms than are those with mild TBI (8,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). A longitudinal birth cohort study reported no association between preschool mild TBI and ADHD after adjusting for potential co...

show abstract

Section: Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of traumatic brain injury in childhood and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SWI may be helpful in the detection of these ''microhemorrhages,'' especially in early acute and sub-acute phases of injury, and in detecting areas of hypoxia-ischemia induced secondary injury. SWI has demonstrated increased sensitivity to the number and volume of hemorrhagic traumatic axonal injury lesions as compared to conventional T2*-weighted two-dimensional (2D)-GRE imaging (Tong et al, 2003), and the extent of SWIidentified hemorrhage has been shown to correlate with initial severity of injury measured by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), duration of coma, long-term outcome measured at 6-12 months after injury (Tong et al, 2004), and specific neuropsychological deficits (Babikian et al, 2005). SWI is able to detect a larger number of lesions and to define smaller areas of damage than CT, T2-weighted imaging, and FLAIR imaging.…”

Section: Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), an amino acid synthesized in mitochondria, is a neuronal and axonal marker that is reduced as a result of neuronal loss or dysfunction after injury. Several studies have shown a direct correlation of reduced NAA and impaired long-term neuropsychological function in children (Babikian et al, 2005;Brenner et al, 2003;Hunter et al, 2005;Yeo et al, 2006). Total choline (Cho) primarily consisting of phosphoryl and glycerophosphoryl Cho is elevated because of shearing of myelin and cellular membranes (diffuse axonal injury) and/ or repair.…”

Section: Perfusion Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Hunter

Wilde

Tong

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurotrauma

Self Cite

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article identifies emerging neuroimaging measures considered by the inter-agency Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Neuroimaging Workgroup. This article attempts to address some of the potential uses of more advanced forms of imaging in TBI as well as highlight some of the current considerations and unresolved challenges of using them. We summarize emerging elements likely to gain more widespread use in the coming years, because of 1) their utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and understanding the natural course of degeneration or recovery following TBI, and potential for evaluating treatment strategies; 2) the ability of many centers to acquire these data with scanners and equipment that are readily available in existing clinical and research settings; and 3) advances in software that provide more automated, readily available, and cost-effective analysis methods for large scale data image analysis. These include multi-slice CT, volumetric MRI analysis, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), arterial spin tag labeling (ASL), functional MRI (fMRI), including resting state and connectivity MRI, MR spectroscopy (MRS), and hyperpolarization scanning. However, we also include brief introductions to other specialized forms of advanced imaging that currently do require specialized equipment, for example, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), encephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG)/magnetic source imaging (MSI). Finally, we identify some of the challenges that users of the emerging imaging CDEs may wish to consider, including quality control, performing multi-site and longitudinal imaging studies, and MR scanning in infants and children.

show abstract

“…The protocol included sagittal T1-weighted images (TR/ TE ϭ 510/14 msec, 5 mm thick, 20% gap), axial dual spin-echo proton density-weighted and T2-weighted images (TR/TE1/TE2 ϭ 2500/20/80 msec, 5 mm thick, 20% gap), or fast proton density-weighted (TR/ TE ϭ 3700/22, 5 mm thick, 30% gap) and T2-weighted images (TR/TE ϭ 3700/90 msec, 5 mm thick, 30% gap), axial fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) images (TR/TE/TI ϭ 9000/110/2200 msec, 5 mm thick, 40% gap), coronal fast spin-echo T2-weighted images (TR/TE ϭ 3700/90 msec, 5 mm thick, 40% gap), and axial 3D high-resolution gradient-echo susceptibility-weighted scans (TR/TE ϭ 57/40 msec, flip angle ϭ 20°, effective thickness of 4 mm after processing) with first-order flow compensation in three orthogonal directions (23). Two-dimensional MRSI was acquired using a water-suppressed point-resolved spectroscopy sequence (PRESS) with TR/TE ϭ 3000/ 144 msec.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

MR spectroscopy: Predicting long‐term neuropsychological outcome following pediatric TBI

Babikian¹,

Freier²,

Ashwal³

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Self Cite

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To identify useful acute indicators of long-term neurocognitive outcome beyond clinical variables for children and adolescents treated for a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and Methods:The efficacy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) acquired 6 Ϯ 4 days after TBI in 20 children/adolescents in predicting intellectual and neuropsychological functioning one to four years post injury was assessed. Short echo-time single voxel MRS (SVS) from normal-appearing brain was compared to intermediate echo-time multivoxel MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) from normal-appearing and visibly-injured brain acquired through the level of the corpus callosum (CC).Results: N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) was moderate to strongly correlated with cognitive scores. Mean NAA/creatine (Cre) from MRSI alone explained over 40% of the variance in cognitive scores and 18% of the variance above and beyond demographic and clinical variables alone. Mild to moderate associations were noted between SVS metabolites (glutamate/glutamine [Glx] and myoinositol [mI]) and cognitive scores, with no such associations apparent for choline (Cho) or Cre. Exploratory analyses revealed trends for regional neuroimaging data and specific cognitive abilities. Conclusion:Acute MR spectroscopy of the pediatric brain injury patient improves prognostic ability and may provide valuable information for early treatment and intervention planning.

show abstract

Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Neuropsychologic Outcome and Pediatric Head Injury

Cited by 158 publications

References 30 publications

Association of traumatic brain injury in childhood and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based study

Association of traumatic brain injury in childhood and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based study

Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

MR spectroscopy: Predicting long‐term neuropsychological outcome following pediatric TBI

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About