Susceptibility variation of Malassezia pachydermatis to antifungal agents according to isolate source

Weiler, Caroline Borges; Jesus, Francielli Pantella Kunz de; Nardi, Graziela Habib; Loreto, Érico S.; Santúrio, Jânio Morais; Coutinho, Selene Dall’Acqua; Alves, Sydney Hartz

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013005000009

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Posaconazole, a triazole structurally similar to itraconazole, is used orally or intravenously for the treatment of invasive mycoses in immunocompromised humans, and topically in dogs with Malassezia otitis. Clinical efficacy with these products corresponds to multiple, systematic reports of low MICs in vitro with drugs of this class, with the exception of fluconazole (see below).…”

Section: Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Resistancementioning

confidence: 72%

Biology, diagnosis and treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Bond

Morris

Guillot

et al. 2020

Veterinary Dermatology

118

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Background -The genus Malassezia is comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds.Objectives -The objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts in dogs and cats.Methods and material -The authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document.Conclusions and clinical importance -There has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge on Malassezia yeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.

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Section: Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Resistancementioning

confidence: 72%

Biology, diagnosis and treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Bond

Morris

Guillot

et al. 2020

Veterinary Dermatology

118

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“…Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for Malassezia dermatitis and otitis is frequently recommended . Azole drugs such as ketoconazole, clotrimazole and miconazole are widely used to treat acute and chronic skin and ear infections caused by M. pachydermatis . Treatment failure is one indication for careful evaluation of the drugs selected for management .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Azole drugs such as ketoconazole, clotrimazole and miconazole are widely used to treat acute and chronic skin and ear infections caused by M. pachydermatis. 8,9 Treatment failure is one indication for careful evaluation of the drugs selected for management. 10 In clinical practice, otic suspensions licensed for the treatment of otitis externa in small animals will often contain antifungal agents in combination with or without antibacterial drugs, including gentamicin, together with glucocorticoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal antifungal therapy for the treatment of Malassezia skin and ear infections in small animals has not been well investigated because there is no standardized method for testing the in vitro susceptibility of M. pachydermatis organisms. 9 Discrepancies have been reported between different azole susceptibility assays. 11,12 Alternative methods for testing the susceptibility of yeast organisms to antifungal agents could be relevant for treatment failures of dogs with Malassezia dermatitis and otitis externa caused by M. pachydermatis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro susceptibility testing of Malassezia pachydermatis to gentamicin

Silva

Ferrer

Déniz

et al. 2017

Veterinary Dermatology

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ERG11 Gene Variability and Azole Susceptibility in Malassezia pachydermatis

et al. 2022

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Malassezia pachydermatis is part of the normal skin microbiota of various animal species but under certain circumstances becomes an opportunistic pathogen producing otitis and dermatitis. Commonly these Malassezia diseases are effectively treated using azoles. However, some cases of treatment failure have been reported. Alterations in the ERG11 gene have been associated with in vitro azole resistance in M. pachydermatis. In the present study, in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 89 different strains of M. pachydermatis isolated from different animal species and health status was studied. The susceptibility to fluconazole (FLZ), itraconazole (ITZ), ketoconazole and amphotericin B was tested by a disk diffusion method and 17 strains were also subjected to an ITZ E-test. Mueller–Hinton supplemented with 2% glucose and methylene blue was used as culture medium in both susceptibility assays. Multilocus sequence typing was performed in 30 selected strains using D1D2, ITS, CHS2 and β-tubulin genes. Also, ERG11 gene was sequenced. The four antifungals tested were highly effective against most of the strains. Only two strains showed no inhibition zone to antifungals and a strain showed an increased MIC to ITZ. The study of the ERG11 sequences revealed a high diversity of DNA sequences and a total of 23 amino acid substitutions, from which only two have been previously described. Also, three deleterious substitutions (A302T, G459D and G461D) previously associated with azole resistance in this yeast were recovered. A correlation between certain genotypes and ERG11 mutations was observed. Some of the ERG11 mutations recovered were correlated with a reduced susceptibility to azoles.

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Susceptibility variation of Malassezia pachydermatis to antifungal agents according to isolate source

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Biology, diagnosis and treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Biology, diagnosis and treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

In vitro susceptibility testing of Malassezia pachydermatis to gentamicin

ERG11 Gene Variability and Azole Susceptibility in Malassezia pachydermatis

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