Susceptibility to Type A backward pattern masking among hypothetically psychosis-prone college students.

Balogh, Deborah Ware; Merritt, Rebecca Davis

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.94.3.377

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…duration and luminance) to the target, studies have consistently reported impaired target identification at SOAs of approximately 120-350 ms in medicated and unmedicated, acute and remitted schizophrenia patients in more than 20 studies (Balogh and Merritt, 1987;Braff and Saccuzzo, 1981;Green et al, 1994;McClure, 2001;Miller et al, 1979;Rund et al, 1993). This masking deficit has also been found in schizophrenia-spectrum subjects with schizotypal or psychosis prone traits (Steronko and Woods, 1978;Balogh and Merritt, 1985;Saccuzzo and Schubert, 1981) and in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients (Green et al, 1997). Masking task deficits, therefore, may reflect vulnerability or predisposition for schizophrenia, rather than the symptoms of the illness itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pupillary responses and attentional allocation problems on the backward masking task in schizophrenia

Granholm

Verney

2004

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pupillary responses and attentional allocation problems on the backward masking task in schizophrenia

Granholm

Verney

2004

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…[18][19][20] Studies of at-risk populations have found backward-masking impairments in individuals who are prone to developing psychosis. 21 In one of the only studies examining backward masking performance in ADD subjects, Rund and colleagues demonstrated that their sample exhibited the same pattern of backwardmasking disturbance that is observed in schizophrenic subjects. 22…”

Section: Backward Maskingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Disorder

Barr

2001

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Attentional dysfunction can be found in nearly every form of psychopathology, not just in attention deficit disorder (ADD). Being able to distinguish ADD from other psychiatric conditions is crucial for clinicians working with adolescents and young adults, particularly in the case of psychoses where making the correct diagnosis and beginning treatment promptly is extremely important. In this paper we review the literature on the attentional dysfunction found in schizophrenia and compare it to that found in ADD in an effort to increase our knowledge of etiology and underlying mechanisms. Investigators studying ADD may learn from the study of schizophrenia by realizing that ADD is also a complex disorder of attention that occurs across the developmental spectrum and is characterized by various predispositional, environmental, and maturational factors.

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“…Schizophrenia patients consistently demonstrate performance deficits on these procedures, requiring longer time intervals between target and mask to identify the target (Braff et al 1991; Rund, 1993; Cadenhead et al 1998). These deficits have been demonstrated in remitted schizophrenia patients (Green et al 1999), as well as in their unaffected siblings (Green et al 1997, 2006; Keri et al 2001), suggesting they may reflect vulnerability to schizophrenia and a potential trait marker of the disorder (Balogh & Merritt, 1985). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways between early visual processing and functional outcome in schizophrenia

et al. 2010

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Background Early visual processing deficits are reliably detected in schizophrenia and show relationships to poor real-world functioning. However, the nature of this relationship is complex. Theoretical models and recent studies using statistical modeling approaches suggest that multiple intervening factors are involved. We previously reported that a direct and significant association between visual processing and functional status was mediated by a measure of social perception. The present study examined the contribution of negative symptoms to this model. Method We employed structural equation modeling (sem) to test several models of outcome, using data from 174 schizophrenia out-patients. Specifically, we examined the direct and indirect relative contributions of early visual processing, social perception and negative symptoms to functional outcome. Results First, we found that, similar to social perception, a measure of negative symptoms mediated the association between visual information processing and functional status. Second, we found that the inclusion of negative symptoms substantially enhanced the explanatory power of the model. Notably, it was the experiential aspect of negative symptoms (avolition and anhedonia) more than the expressive aspect (affective flattening and alogia) that accounted for significant variance in functional outcome, especially in the social component of the construct of functional outcome. Conclusions Social perception and negative symptoms play relevant roles in functional impairment in schizophrenia. Both social perception and negative symptoms statistically mediate the connection between visual processing and functional outcome. However, given the lack of association between social perception and negative symptoms, these constructs appear to have an impact on functioning through separate pathways.

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Susceptibility to Type A backward pattern masking among hypothetically psychosis-prone college students.

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Pupillary responses and attentional allocation problems on the backward masking task in schizophrenia

Pupillary responses and attentional allocation problems on the backward masking task in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Disorder

Pathways between early visual processing and functional outcome in schizophrenia

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