Susceptibility to Heat-Related Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance Emergency Department Visits in Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Abstract

Identification of populations susceptible to heat effects is critical for targeted prevention and more accurate risk assessment. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance (FEI) may provide an objective indicator of heat morbidity. Data on daily ambient temperature and FEI emergency department (ED) visits were collected in Atlanta, Georgia, USA during 1993–2012. Associations of warm-season same-day temperatures and FEI ED visits were estimated using Poisson generalized linear models. Analyses explored associations between FEI ED visits and various temperature metrics (maximum, minimum, average, and diurnal change in ambient temperature, apparent temperature, and heat index) modeled using linear, quadratic, and cubic terms to allow for non-linear associations. Effect modification by potential determinants of heat susceptibility (sex; race; comorbid congestive heart failure, kidney disease, and diabetes; and neighborhood poverty and education levels) was assessed via stratification. Higher warm-season ambient temperature was significantly associated with FEI ED visits, regardless of temperature metric used. Stratified analyses suggested heat-related risks for all populations, but particularly for males. This work highlights the utility of FEI as an indicator of heat morbidity, the health threat posed by warm-season temperatures, and the importance of considering susceptible populations in heat-health research.

The Impact of Heat Waves on Emergency Department Admissions in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A

“…This analysis was conducted using data for a single hospital, so the extent to which these findings are generalizable is uncertain. However, many of these findings for Charlottesville are consistent with other heat-morbidity research [ 27 , 29 , 53 , 54 , 68 , 103 , 104 , 105 ]. It is likely that thresholds for heat wave ED admission increases will vary spatially based on the prevailing climate, as these responses tend to be relative rather than absolute [ 12 , 57 ].…”

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Characterization of the 2017 Summer Heat Waves and Their Effects on the Population of an Area of Southern Italy

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Not so little differences: variation in hot weather risk to young children in New York City

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