Susceptibility of potato varieties to populations of Globodera pallida selected for increased virulence

Varypatakis, Kyriakos; Jones, John T.; Blok, Vivian C.

doi:10.1163/15685411-00003283

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both of these resistances are derived from sources where the resistance is the additive effect of more than one quantitative trait locus (QTL) [9], with more QTL with statistical significance reported for S. vernei than for H3 [54][55][56]. In the commercial setting, breakdown of resistance to G. pallida has already occurred after several crop cycles with some cultivars with resistance derived from S. vernei by certain nematode populations [10,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genomic Impact of Selection for Virulence against Resistance in the Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera pallida

Varypatakis

Véronneau

Thorpe

et al. 2020

Genes

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Although the use of natural resistance is the most effective management approach against the potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera pallida, the existence of pathotypes with different virulence characteristics constitutes a constraint towards this goal. Two resistance sources, GpaV (from Solanum vernei) and H3 from S. tuberosum ssp. andigena CPC2802 (from the Commonwealth Potato Collection) are widely used in potato breeding programmes in European potato industry. However, the use of resistant cultivars may drive strong selection towards virulence, which allows the increase in frequency of virulent alleles in the population and therefore, the emergence of highly virulent nematode lineages. This study aimed to identify Avirulence (Avr) genes in G. pallida populations selected for virulence on the above resistance sources, and the genomic impact of selection processes on the nematode. The selection drive in the populations was found to be specific to their genetic background. At the genomic level, 11 genes were found that represent candidate Avr genes. Most of the variant calls determining selection were associated with H3-selected populations, while many of them seem to be organised in genomic islands facilitating selection evolution. These phenotypic and genomic findings combined with histological studies performed revealed potential mechanisms underlying selection in G. pallida.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…may occur in favour of virulence [24]. Successive multiplication of populations on resistant genotypes can give rise to selection for virulent (vir) alleles that are already present at low levels in the initial genetic pool; this can result in specific resistances being overcome [10,[25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomic Impact of Selection for Virulence against Resistance in the Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera pallida

Varypatakis

Véronneau

Thorpe

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…The use of resistant hosts exerts a selection pressure on nematode populations that can lead to an increase in the proportion of virulent vs. avirulent individuals (Whitehead, 1991;Hockland et al, 2012). Varypatakis et al (2019) observed this effect when using different potato cultivars challenged with G. pallida populations previously grown repeatedly on potato cultivars with partial resistance to G. pallida. Beniers et al (2019) also used partially resistant potato cultivars to show an increase of virulence in a population when the same source of resistance was applied over generations as have others (Turner, 1990;Phillips and Blok, 2008).…”

Section: Virulence Pathotypes and Durability Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is performed in a temperature-controlled greenhouse and is more labour intensive, as the plants require regular maintenance. Potato plants are grown in PCN infested soil in rootrainers for 7–8 weeks, then the number of female nematodes on the roots visible on the surface of the “root-ball” are counted after carefully removing them from the rootrainers ( Strachan et al, 2019 ; Varypatakis et al, 2019 ). The most accurate assay for phenotyping potatoes is a pot test, where plants are grown for 12 weeks in a sand/loam 1:1 mixture that has been inoculated with PCN.…”

Section: Resistance and Tolerance To Pcn And Their Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting Potato Cyst Nematodes With Resistance

et al. 2021

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Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are economically important pests with a worldwide distribution in all temperate regions where potatoes are grown. Because above ground symptoms are non-specific, and detection of cysts in the soil is determined by the intensity of sampling, infestations are frequently spread before they are recognised. PCN cysts are resilient and persistent; their cargo of eggs can remain viable for over two decades, and thus once introduced PCN are very difficult to eradicate. Various control methods have been proposed, with resistant varieties being a key environmentally friendly and effective component of an integrated management programme. Wild and landrace relatives of cultivated potato have provided a source of PCN resistance genes that have been used in breeding programmes with varying levels of success. Producing a PCN resistant variety requires concerted effort over many years before it reaches what can be the biggest hurdle—commercial acceptance. Recent advances in potato genomics have provided tools to rapidly map resistance genes and to develop molecular markers to aid selection during breeding. This review will focus on the translation of these opportunities into durably PCN resistant varieties.

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Stacking host resistance genes to control Globodera pallida populations with different virulence

Price,

Preedy,

Young

et al. 2023

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Potato Cyst Nematodes (PCN) are a globally important and economically extremely damaging potato pest. Chemical control has limited impact and cannot clear a field of PCN, but genetic resistance in potatoes is an effective and important part of natural management of PCN. There are two closely related species of PCN; Globodera rostochiensis against which the H1 resistance gene from S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (CPC 1673) has proven effective in Europe for several decades, and G. pallida for which potato varieties with resistance are also commercially available. However, G. pallida resistant genotypes are mainly limited to processing varieties and most varieties grown are still susceptible to the species. The limited number of suitable varieties with resistance against G. pallida has led to its spread throughout the UK and now infestations in Scottish seed land are threatening the future of potato seed production. Novel potato genotypes with resistance against G. pallida sometimes combine PCN resistances from more than one parental source. Multiplication of a panel of G. pallida populations which differ in virulence against host species were compared on recently developed breeding lines with single or stacked resistance genes. Potato genotypes with multiple resistance genes show reduced multiplication in G. pallida pathotypes that were able to overcome a single resistance gene.

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Susceptibility of potato varieties to populations of Globodera pallida selected for increased virulence

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

The Genomic Impact of Selection for Virulence against Resistance in the Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera pallida

The Genomic Impact of Selection for Virulence against Resistance in the Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera pallida

Resisting Potato Cyst Nematodes With Resistance

Stacking host resistance genes to control Globodera pallida populations with different virulence

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