Susceptibility of Equine Chorionic Girdle Cells to Lymphokine‐Activated Killer Cell Activity

Vagnoni, Karen E.; Schram, Brian R.; Ginther, O.J.; Lunn, D. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00160.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Expression of classical highly polymorphic antigen-presenting MHC class 1 proteins is typically reduced in embryonic tissues in mammals, including horses, to shield the paternally derived antigens from the maternal immune system (Bacon et al 2002). However, classical and non-classical MHC class 1 a-chains and b 2 M are focally induced between days 30 and 36 in the invasive chorionic girdle region of the equine trophoblast (Kydd et al 1991, Vagnoni et al 1996a, 1996b, Bacon et al 2002, Tallmadge et al 2005. MHC-class 1 a-chain genes expressed in invasive human trophoblast are mainly the non-classical HLA-C, -E and G class involved in regulating NK-cell responses involved in implantation and placentation (Morales et al 2003, Hunt et al 2005, Trowsdale & Betz 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in major proteins in the embryonic capsule during immobilization (fixation) of the conceptus in the third week of pregnancy in the mare

Quinn

Hayes²,

Waelchli³

et al. 2007

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the third week of pregnancy, the equine conceptus is enclosed within a capsule, the glycan composition of which changes at around day 16 (ovulationZday 0) when the conceptus becomes immobilized (fixed) in the uterine lumen. Our objective was to characterize the process of fixation by identifying changes in major capsule-associated proteins. Individual equine conceptuses (nZ55) were collected transcervically by uterine lavage between days 13.5 and 26.5. Major proteins extracted from capsules were compared with those in fluids from the uterus and yolk sac by SDS-PAGE. Until day 14, a major capsule-associated protein that migrated at w10 kDa was identified by N-terminal sequencing as equine b2 microglobulin (b2M). During fixation, b2M in the capsule underwent limited proteolysis to an w8 kDa form lacking nine amino acids from the N terminus, and was subsequently degraded. Expression of b2M mRNA was detected in the yolk-sac wall tissues and endometrium between days 13.5 and 17.5. During this period, b2M in the capsule was evidently not part of a complex with major histocompatibility complex class 1 heavy a chain bands because these were undetectable in the capsule and uterine lavage. Uterocalin (p19) was detected in uterine lavage and capsule throughout fixation, but in yolk-sac fluid only before fixation. These studies indicate that intact b2M is a major protein associated with the embryonic capsule before fixation, after which it undergoes limited proteolysis to a truncated w8 kDa form that remains in the capsule after the conceptus is immobilized.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in major proteins in the embryonic capsule during immobilization (fixation) of the conceptus in the third week of pregnancy in the mare

Quinn

Hayes²,

Waelchli³

et al. 2007

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, because the horse placenta has a subpopulation of highly invasive trophoblast cells (called the chorionic girdle), the authors here will refer to this kind of placenta as “semi-invasive.” This subpopulation of invasive cells forms a chorionic girdle that encircles the fetus. By day 35 of pregnancy, cells of the chorionic girdle adhere to the endometrial epithelium and begin to invade the endometrium [49–52] (Figure 3). The aggressive invasive behavior of these cells is similar to the behavior of cells in the human extravillous trophoblast and to metastatic tumor cells [53].…”

Section: Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (Mhc I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chorionic girdle cells have been found to express MHC I, which is referred to in horses as Equine Leukocyte Antigen (ELA) [49, 56]. This expression quickly diminishes after invasion and is not found in mature endometrial cups [57, 58].…”

Section: Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (Mhc I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Histocompatibility Complex I Mediates Immunological Tolerance of the Trophoblast during Pregnancy and May Mediate Rejection during Parturition

Rapacz-Leonard

Dąbrowska

Janowski

2014

Mediators of Inflammation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During pregnancy in larger mammals, the maternal immune system must tolerate the fetus for months while resisting external infection. This tolerance is facilitated by immunological communication between the fetus and the mother, which is mediated by Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) proteins, by leukocytes, and by the cytokines secreted by the leukocytes. Fetal-maternal immunological communication also supports pregnancy by inducing physiological changes in the mother. If the mother “misunderstands” the signal sent by the fetus during pregnancy, the fetus will be miscarried or delivered preterm. Unlike any other maternal organ, the placenta can express paternal antigens. At parturition, paternal antigens are known to be expressed in cows and may be expressed in horses, possibly so that the maternal immune system will reject the placenta and help to expel it. This review compares fetal-maternal crosstalk that is mediated by the immune system in three species with pregnancies that last for nine months or longer: humans, cattle, and horses. It raises the possibility that immunological communication early in pregnancy may prepare the mother for successful expulsion of fetal membranes at parturition.

show abstract

“…MHC class I molecules are expressed at high levels on the equine chorionic girdle trophoblast cells [32]. These cells were susceptible to lymphokine-activated killer cell activity in vitro [33] and NK cells were identified in equine endometrial cups [34]. However, the role of KIR-MHC class I interactions in equine pregnancy and in other processes still remains to be studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in the Family Equidae: Not only Ly49

Futas

Hořín

2013

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural killer (NK) cells have important functions in immunity. NK recognition in mammals can be mediated through killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and/or killer cell lectin-like Ly49 receptors. Genes encoding highly variable NK cell receptors (NKR) represent rapidly evolving genomic regions. No single conservative model of NKR genes was observed in mammals. Single-copy low polymorphic NKR genes present in one mammalian species may expand into highly polymorphic multigene families in other species. In contrast to other non-rodent mammals, multiple Ly49-like genes appear to exist in the horse, while no functional KIR genes were observed in this species. In this study, Ly49 and KIR were sought and their evolution was characterized in the entire family Equidae. Genomic sequences retrieved showed the presence of at least five highly conserved polymorphic Ly49 genes in horses, asses and zebras. These findings confirmed that the expansion of Ly49 occurred in the entire family. Several KIR-like sequences were also identified in the genome of Equids. Besides a previously identified non-functional KIR-Immunoglobulin-like transcript fusion gene (KIR-ILTA) and two putative pseudogenes, a KIR3DL-like sequence was analyzed. In contrast to previous observations made in the horse, the KIR3DL sequence, genomic organization and mRNA expression suggest that all Equids might produce a functional KIR receptor protein molecule with a single non-mutated immune tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) domain. No evidence for positive selection in the KIR3DL gene was found. Phylogenetic analysis including rhinoceros and tapir genomic DNA and deduced amino acid KIR-related sequences showed differences between families and even between species within the order Perissodactyla. The results suggest that the order Perissodactyla and its family Equidae with expanded Ly49 genes and with a potentially functional KIR gene may represent an interesting model for evolutionary biology of NKR genes.

show abstract

Susceptibility of Equine Chorionic Girdle Cells to Lymphokine‐Activated Killer Cell Activity

Abstract: Lymphokine activated killer cells may play a role in the degeneration of endometrial cup tissue. The potential mechanisms of regulation of uterine LAK cell activity in the horse are discussed.

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Changes in major proteins in the embryonic capsule during immobilization (fixation) of the conceptus in the third week of pregnancy in the mare

Changes in major proteins in the embryonic capsule during immobilization (fixation) of the conceptus in the third week of pregnancy in the mare

Major Histocompatibility Complex I Mediates Immunological Tolerance of the Trophoblast during Pregnancy and May Mediate Rejection during Parturition

Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in the Family Equidae: Not only Ly49

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About