Susceptibility of Atlantic salmon lenses to hydrogen peroxide oxidation ex vivo after being fed diets with vegetable oil and methylmercury

Remø, Sofie C.; Torstensen, Bente E.; Amlund, Heidi; Breck, Olav; Waagbø, Rune

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2011.02.018

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The most important point in mercury exposure is to diagnose poisoning earlier and to determine the source (Remø et al, 2011). In our study, mercury poisoning was detected early due to the clinician's attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Ophthalmic findings in acute mercury poisoning in adults

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study is to report ophthalmic findings of acute mercury poisoning in 48 adults referred to emergency department. Full ophthalmologic examination including the best corrected visual acuity, external eye examination, reaction to light, a slit-lamp examination, funduscopy, intraocular pressure measurements, and visual field (VF) and color vision (CV) tests were performed at the presentation and repeated after 6 months. The parametric values of VF test, the mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were recorded in order to compare patients and the 30 healthy controls. The mean parameter of color confusion index in patients was found to be statistically different than controls (p < 0.01). The MD and PSD in patients were different from controls statistically significant (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). There was no correlation between the ocular findings and the urine and blood mercury levels. Methyl mercury, held in the school laboratory for experimental purpose, may be a source of poisoning. In this case series, we showed that acute exposure to mercury had hazardous effect on the visual system, especially CV and VF. We propose that emphasizing the public education on the potential hazards of mercury is crucial for preventive community health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Ophthalmic findings in acute mercury poisoning in adults

et al. 2013

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“…The concentration of total lipids in Atlantic salmon lenses is approximately 5 mg g -1 wet weight and the lipid class composition indicates that the main function of lens lipids are for structural purposes and messengers, as opposed to energy, with an abundance of phospholipids and cholesterol [23]. In the present study, Atlantic salmon lenses had a higher level of sphingosine, an intermediate in the ceramide synthesis, compared to rainbow trout, and this may be related to the higher severity of cataracts in the salmon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a response to oxidative stress, cellular GSH levels are expected to be lowered, as found in cataractous lenses, both in vivo [28,66] and experimentally induced cataract [23,63,65]. During changes in temperature, the cellular metabolism is reorganised in fish, and the activity of GSH dependent enzymes have been shown to increase in gold fish tissues, along with higher levels of thiols such as GSH [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The histidine containing imidazole carnosine appears to have an antioxidant function in the canine and human lenses [66] and thus mitigate cataract development. These dipeptide imidazoles are not found in the salmon lens [19], while lens NAH has been proposed to cover the analogue antioxidant function in the salmon lens [23]. The latter ex vivo study on Atlantic salmon lenses showed that enzymes in the GSH system are affected by additional histidine in the medium, by up-regulating of genes encoding glutaredoxin and GPx4 [23], and histidine may therefore directly affect the innate antioxidant system in salmon lenses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histidine is taken up by the lens and synthesized to N-acetylhistidine (NAH), and the severity of cataracts is negatively correlated with the concentration of NAH in the lens [7, 19, 20]. Lens NAH has been shown to have important roles as an osmolyte [21, 22], buffer component [19] and possibly intracellular antioxidant [23], and is therefore essential in maintaining the lens water balance and cell integrity. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cataracts in both animals and humans [24, 25], and a balanced pro- and antioxidant level in the diet has been shown to reduce cataract prevalence in Atlantic salmon [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lens metabolomic profiling as a tool to understand cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout reared at optimum and high temperature

Remø¹,

Hevrøy²,

Breck³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Periods of high or fluctuating seawater temperatures result in several physiological challenges for farmed salmonids, including an increased prevalence and severity of cataracts. The aim of the present study was to compare cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at two temperatures, and investigate whether temperature influences lens metabolism and cataract development. Atlantic salmon (101±2 g) and rainbow trout (125±3 g) were reared in seawater at either 13°C (optimum for growth) or 19°C during the 35 days experiment (n = 4 tanks for each treatment). At the end of the experiment, the prevalence of cataracts was nearly 100% for Atlantic salmon compared to ~50% for rainbow trout, irrespective of temperature. The severity of the cataracts, as evaluated by slit-lamp inspection of the lens, was almost three fold higher in Atlantic salmon compared to rainbow trout. The global metabolic profile revealed differences in lens composition and metabolism between the two species, which may explain the observed differences in cataract susceptibility between the species. The largest differences were seen in the metabolism of amino acids, especially the histidine metabolism, and this was confirmed by a separate quantitative analysis. The global metabolic profile showed temperature dependent differences in the lens carbohydrate metabolism, osmoregulation and redox homeostasis. The results from the present study give new insight in cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout reared at high temperature, in addition to identifying metabolic markers for cataract development.

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Health-Promoting Effects of Amino Acids in Fish

Hoseini

Reverter

2021

Biotechnological Advances in Aquaculture Health Management

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Susceptibility of Atlantic salmon lenses to hydrogen peroxide oxidation ex vivo after being fed diets with vegetable oil and methylmercury

Cited by 28 publications

References 61 publications

Ophthalmic findings in acute mercury poisoning in adults

Ophthalmic findings in acute mercury poisoning in adults

Lens metabolomic profiling as a tool to understand cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout reared at optimum and high temperature

Health-Promoting Effects of Amino Acids in Fish

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