Susceptibility and Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antimicrobial Agents

Bellido, F.; Hancock, Robert E. W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3036-7_16

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Also P. aeruginosa was the most common in the Gynaecology theatre. The source of this organism could be antiseptic solution or breast-fed babies and P. aeruginosa can be a contributor of outbreaks in operating theatres [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of microbial pathogens and their antimicrobial pattern in operating theatres of peri-urban eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMicrobial contamination of hospital environment, especially in operating theatres (OT) and other specialized units has greatly contributed to continuous and multiple exposure to nosocomial infections by patients and the public.We purposed to assess microbial contamination of operating theatres and antibacterial sensitivity pattern of bacteria isolated from theatres of Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, Eastern Uganda.MethodsWe employed a laboratory based cross-sectional study design. Swabbing of different surfaces and settle plate establishment in 4 various operating theatres was carried out. A total of 109 samples were collected, 31 air samples and 78 swabs from four operating theatres. Samples were collected in the mornings after disinfection prior to start of daily operations. Antibacterial sensitivity testing of isolated bacterial pathogens was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method following standard operating procedure. Colony counts for the settle plates were carried out using a colony counter.ResultsAll the four theatres had their mean colony counts exceeding the acceptable limit of 5 cfu/dm2/h. Gynaecology theatre had up to 261 cfu/dm2/h and Ophthalmology operating theatre had approximately 43 cfu/dm2/h. A total of 14 different organisms were isolated with Pseudomonas spp. [23.9%]; Bacillus spp. [17.5%] and Aspergillus spp. [15.8%] being the most common contaminants respectively. Other isolates included Enterococcus spp., Rhizopus spp. and Coagulate Negative Staphylococcus isolates especially from settle plates. Most bacterial isolates showed considerable resistance to antibacterial agents. Pseudomonas spp. was resistant to chloramphenicol (53.6%) and cotrimoxazole (57.1%). Most of the bacterial pathogens were sensitive to imipenem [83.3%].ConclusionsThere is moderate contamination of operating theatres of Mbale Regional Referral Hospital. Common organisms were Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Aspergillus spps. Resistance was observed against chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. More caution is necessary to carefully disinfect the operating theatres at Regional referral settings and similar tertiary health care centres with more emphasis on obstetrics and gynecology theatres. Diagnosis and care of patients at such clinical settings should consider the possibility of antibiotic resistance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3374-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of microbial pathogens and their antimicrobial pattern in operating theatres of peri-urban eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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“…aeruginosa was the second most common isolate and this may indicate the contaminant source from antiseptic solutions or from breast-fed babies, especially as this bacteria is an opportunistic pathogen that can be found in most moist environments and has a combination of features such as the ability to survive and spread in hospital environments, acquisition of multiple virulence determinants and intrinsic resistance to commonly used antibiotics and disinfectants. This makes P. aeruginosa a major lifethreating agent that is responsible for many outbreaks in operating theatres [9,10] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial contamination in the operating theatre: a study in a hospital in Baghdad

Ensayef¹,

Alshalchi²,

Sabbar³

2009

East Mediterr Health J

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Contamination of the operating theatre is a major cause of nosocomial infection. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of bacterial contamination of operating theatres in Al Imam Ali Hospital in Baghdad, and the source of contamination. From 1216 swabs collected from surfaces, equipment and antiseptic solutions from different operating theatres in 2001 and 2002, the rates of positive cultures were 3.7% in 2001 and 4.0% in 2002. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolate in 2001 followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas in 2002 coliform bacteria were the highest, followed by P. aeruginosa. No clear pattern of isolates was found in different types of operating theatres, although coliforms and P. aeruginosa were mostly found in the delivery theatre. Contamination microbienne dans les salles d'opération : étude dans un hôpital de Bagdad RÉSUMÉ La contamination de la salle d'opération est une cause majeure d'infection nosocomiale. Cette étude visait à évaluer l'incidence de la contamination bactérienne des salles d'opération à l'hôpital Al Imam Ali de Bagdad, ainsi que la source de la contamination. Sur 1 216 prélèvements recueillis sur les surfaces, matériel et solutions antiseptiques de différentes salles d'opération en 2001 et 2002, le taux de cultures positives était de 3,7 % en 2001 et de 4,0 % en 2002. Staphylococcus epidermidis était l'isolat le plus fréquent en 2001, suivi de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, alors qu'en 2002, les colibacilles étaient les plus répandus, suivis de P. aeruginosa. Aucune caractéristique évidente n'a été observée concernant les isolats dans les différents types de salle d'opération, même si les colibacilles et P. aeruginosa étaient surtout présents dans la salle d'accouchement.

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“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the commonest nosocomial pathogens and its resistance to multiple drugs [2] used for combating life-threatening infections is a problem which is regularly being faced by clinicians. To help optimizing dosage regimens, this study was conducted to study the PAE of the antibiotics amikacin, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, singly and in combination, on P. aeruginosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postantibiotic Effect of a Combination of Antimicrobial Agents on <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

2000

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Treatment of severe Pseudomonas infections often calls for multidrug therapy. Combinations of aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and/or quinolones are generally administered, the effect of which may be additive, synergistic or indifferent. The present in vitro study was designed to find out the exact outcome of the postantibiotic effect (PAE). The minimal inhibitory concentrations and the PAE of three antibiotics (amikacin, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin) were determined both singly and in combination. Ceftazidime alone exhibited a negative PAE but a synergistic effect was observed for the combination of ceftazidime with amikacin. The combination of ceftazidime with ciprofloxacin and ciprofloxacin with amikacin however gave an indifferent PAE. This synergistic PAE of amikacin with ceftazidime has a significant effect on designing optimal dosage regimens.

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Susceptibility and Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Antimicrobial Agents

Cited by 7 publications

References 98 publications

Contamination of microbial pathogens and their antimicrobial pattern in operating theatres of peri-urban eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

Contamination of microbial pathogens and their antimicrobial pattern in operating theatres of peri-urban eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

Microbial contamination in the operating theatre: a study in a hospital in Baghdad

Postantibiotic Effect of a Combination of Antimicrobial Agents on <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

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