Survival Rate of Kidney Cancer in the Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis study

Abstract

Background: Kidney cancer is one of the most deadly cancers of the urinary tract. Among the different continents, Asia has the highest percentage in terms of incidence and mortality. In the present study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive estimate of kidney cancer survival in Asian countries. Methods: The current study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of kidney cancer survival in Asian countries. Researchers in the study searched for articles published in six international databases. We included all observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies) published up to June 1, 2022. Survival and exclusively localized renal cell carcinoma in Asian countries were included in the study. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form has been prepared in previous studies to evaluate the quality of papers. The random-effects model was used to reduce the risk of bias in the studies. The Egger bias test was also used to assess the risk of publication bias. Results: In total, 42 articles had criteria for inclusion in the analysis. The one-year survival rate in Asian countries was 71% (95% CI 66.2-75.3). The five-year survival rate was 69.4% (95% CI 67.7-71.0), and the 10-year survival rate was 62.3% (95% CI 57.6-66.7). The meta-regression results showed a significant association between publication year and one-year and five-year survival rates. Thus, the year of study is a cause of variability in results of one-year (Reg Coef = 0.099, P<0.001) and five-year (Reg Coef = 0.045, P<0.001) survival rates. Human Development Index was a cause of variability in results of one-year (Reg Coef = 4.80, P<0.001) and five-year survival rates (Reg Coef = 2.90, P<0.001). Conclusion: The survival rate of kidney cancer in Asian countries is lower than in European countries and the United States.