Survival probability of compound nuclei in heavy-ion fusion reaction

Abstract

We have developed an empirical formula for survival probability for the superheavy nuclei by analyzing about 95 fusion experiments, which were classified into four categories based on the deformation parameters of a projectile-target system. Every category is analyzed in ten different entrance channel parameters; one of these displays the smoothest variation. That channel is none but the Z2/A, where Z and A are the atomic number and mass number, respectively. Further, the predicted empirical relation is improved by the inclusion of the fission barrier, separation energy, level density parameter, center of mass energy and fusion barrier height for the Z2/A term. Furthermore, the ER cross section is maximum at certain beam energy called the optimal energy. Thus finding the survival probability at the optimal energy is important to synthesizing a superheavy nucleus. We have developed an empirical formula for the survival probability at the optimal energy to facilitate future superheavy nuclei synthesis.

Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

“…Chushnyakova et al [19] evaluated heavy ion fusion cross-sections with Hartree-Fock nuclear densities. Earlier studies show a detailed investigation of entrance channel parameters, deformation effect of projectile-target, optimal energy, possible projectile-target combinations, and rules for the selection of projectile-target combina-tions [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The production cross section has been measured for the fusion reaction of the 16 O+ 27 Al system at different bombarding energies using the time-of-flight technique [31].…”

Heavy ion fusion of spherical nuclei

“…Siddiqui et al [46] investigated spherical neutron magic numbers with N = 168, 174, and 178. Detailed investigations of experimental fusion reactions and production cross-sections have led to selection rules for projectile-target combinations according to Manjunatha et al [47]. Such detailed investigations have led to the conclusion that the fusion of two spherical nuclei yields larger cross-sections.…”