Survival of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes within Coxiella burnetii vacuoles: differentiation and replication within an acidic milieu

Andreoli, Walter K.; Taniwaki, Noemi Nosomi; Mortara, Renato Arruda

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.06.013

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The formation of this vacuole and the retention of T. cruzi are dependent on host membranes, lysosome fusion, and early endosomes association with the parasite (Andrade and Andrews, 2005;Burleigh, 2005). This corroborates with experiments showing that parasites head towards the cytoplasm CHO-Lec2 cells infected with Coxiella burneti, which forms a lasting vacuole, when compared with wild-type CHO (Andreoli et al, 2006). This corroborates with experiments showing that parasites head towards the cytoplasm CHO-Lec2 cells infected with Coxiella burneti, which forms a lasting vacuole, when compared with wild-type CHO (Andreoli et al, 2006).…”

Section: Intracellular Roles Played By T Cruzi Tssupporting

confidence: 86%

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a multifunctional enzyme in Chagas’ disease

Rubin

Schenkman²

2012

Cell Microbiol

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Summary Trypanosoma cruzi trans‐sialidase (TS) was identified three decades ago. TS catalyses a trans‐glycosylation reaction, transferring SA from sialylated donors to the terminal galactose mucin‐glycoconjugates, or non‐mucin galactyosyl‐glycoconjugates. It is an external surface protein that is also released from the parasite, displaying several binding properties in addition to its enzymatic function. TS structure has been solved and its catalytic properties are well known, providing tools for development of new inhibitors, as potential chemotherapeutic agents against Chagas’ disease. However, there are still several unsolved questions regarding TS role in the biology of T. cruzi and in the pathology of Chagas’ disease. In this review, we will describe the multifunctional roles of TS regarding the development of Chagas’ disease and propose that these multiple functions have to be considered in future investigations aiming to use TS as a drug target.

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Section: Intracellular Roles Played By T Cruzi Tssupporting

confidence: 86%

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a multifunctional enzyme in Chagas’ disease

Rubin

Schenkman²

2012

Cell Microbiol

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“…Considering the implications of Moulder's proposal we asked if pathogens could survive and multiply within PVs that sheltered a different organism. In some instances it was possible to generate chimeric vacuoles in cells coinfected with different pathogens [2], [3], [4], [5]. In the present studies macrophages were coinfected with two species of Leishmania parasites normally lodged in PVs that differ in their biogenesis, morphology and parasite occupancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Fusion between Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania major Parasitophorous Vacuoles: Live Imaging of Coinfected Macrophages

2010

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Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania alternate between flagellated, elongated extracellular promastigotes found in insect vectors, and round-shaped amastigotes enclosed in phagolysosome-like Parasitophorous Vacuoles (PVs) of infected mammalian host cells. Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes occupy large PVs which may contain many parasites; in contrast, single amastigotes of Leishmania major lodge in small, tight PVs, which undergo fission as parasites divide. To determine if PVs of these Leishmania species can fuse with each other, mouse macrophages in culture were infected with non-fluorescent L. amazonensis amastigotes and, 48 h later, superinfected with fluorescent L. major amastigotes or promastigotes. Fusion was investigated by time-lapse image acquisition of living cells and inferred from the colocalization of parasites of the two species in the same PVs. Survival, multiplication and differentiation of parasites that did or did not share the same vacuoles were also investigated. Fusion of PVs containing L. amazonensis and L. major amastigotes was not found. However, PVs containing L. major promastigotes did fuse with pre-established L. amazonensis PVs. In these chimeric vacuoles, L. major promastigotes remained motile and multiplied, but did not differentiate into amastigotes. In contrast, in doubly infected cells, within their own, unfused PVs metacyclic-enriched L. major promastigotes, but not log phase promastigotes - which were destroyed - differentiated into proliferating amastigotes. The results indicate that PVs, presumably customized by L. major amastigotes or promastigotes, differ in their ability to fuse with L. amazonensis PVs. Additionally, a species-specific PV was required for L. major destruction or differentiation – a requirement for which mechanisms remain unknown. The observations reported in this paper should be useful in further studies of the interactions between PVs to different species of Leishmania parasites, and of the mechanisms involved in the recognition and fusion of PVs.

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“…Kinetic studies on the transfer of T. cruzi trypomastigote forms to Coxiella vacuoles indicated that the PVs of metacyclic trypomastigotes are more fusion prone to C. burnetii vacuoles than tissue culture-derived trypomastigote vacuoles (41). Based on the fusogenic characteristic of T. cruzi metacyclic vacuoles, an additional study investigated the fate of metacyclic trypomastigotes within C. burnetii vacuoles, revealing that after 12 h postinfection, metacyclic trypomastigotes began to differentiate into amastigotes that replicated and became the prevailing form within C. burnetii vacuoles (35). In addition, a study comparing the ability of two T. cruzi strains to invade cells harboring C. burnetii and escape from their vacuoles suggested that despite a contrasting difference in their invasion capabilities, these strains behaved similarly once inside the host cell (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi Differentiates and Multiplies within Chimeric Parasitophorous Vacuoles in Macrophages Coinfected with Leishmania amazonensis

et al. 2016

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The trypanosomatids Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi are excellent models for the study of the cell biology of intracellular protozoan infections. After their uptake by mammalian cells, the parasitic protozoan flagellates L. amazonensis and T. cruzi lodge within acidified parasitophorous vacuoles (PVs). However, whereas L. amazonensis develops in spacious, phagolysosome-like PVs that may enclose numerous parasites, T. cruzi is transiently hosted within smaller vacuoles from which it soon escapes to the host cell cytosol. To investigate if parasite-specific vacuoles are required for the survival and differentiation of T. cruzi, we constructed chimeric vacuoles by infection of L. amazonensis amastigote-infected macrophages with T. cruzi epimastigotes (EPIs) or metacyclic trypomastigotes (MTs). These chimeric vacuoles, easily observed by microscopy, allowed the entry and fate of T. cruzi in L. amazonensis PVs to be dynamically recorded by multidimensional imaging of coinfected cells. We found that although T. cruzi EPIs remained motile and conserved their morphology in chimeric vacuoles, T. cruzi MTs differentiated into amastigote-like forms capable of multiplying. These results demonstrate that the large adaptive vacuoles of L. amazonensis are permissive to T. cruzi survival and differentiation and that noninfective EPIs are spared from destruction within the chimeric PVs. We conclude that T. cruzi differentiation can take place in Leishmania-containing vacuoles, suggesting this occurs prior to their escape into the host cell cytosol.

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Survival of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes within Coxiella burnetii vacuoles: differentiation and replication within an acidic milieu

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a multifunctional enzyme in Chagas’ disease

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a multifunctional enzyme in Chagas’ disease

Fusion between Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania major Parasitophorous Vacuoles: Live Imaging of Coinfected Macrophages

Trypanosoma cruzi Differentiates and Multiplies within Chimeric Parasitophorous Vacuoles in Macrophages Coinfected with Leishmania amazonensis

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