Survival of the Relocated Population of the U.S. After a Nuclear Attack

Haaland, Carsten M.; Chester, C.V.; Wigner, E. P.

doi:10.21236/ada026362

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Regarding the detonation of a nuclear bomb, an airburst or surface burst choice exists. Many studies select ground bursts to yield destruction with the thermal fireball effect plus maximum fallout radiation [30]. Comparing exposure areas, airbursts are found to be not much different from ground bursts in terms of blast, flash, and thermal radiation.…”

Section: Derivation Of Data and Rangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this would be the first line of impact, additional secondary impacts also were considered. For example, vulnerability is also addressed regarding crops and seasons and fallout radiation [30]. Coming from natural hazards research, it is quite surprising to see also studies on societal vulnerability, in terms of how social structure and social institutions could be vulnerable to attack, as early as the 1960s [56], while in natural hazards research this is generally considered a major paradigm shift happening after the 1970s, or even the 1990s [57].…”

Section: Future Options To Improve Exposure Assessments By Vulnerabil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in the United Kingdom in the 1960s, evacuation planning existed, in the 1980s, the policy was then to 'stay put' and not evacuate [17]. Evacuation planning, including partial relocation in advance, could prove effective in the United States, but "postattack food shortages and fallout radiation hazards" could lead to large-scale starvation in some regions [30]. In recent literature, these would be referred to as cascading effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safe from Harm? Massive Attack Nuclear Worst-Case Scenario for Civil Protection in Germany Regarding High-Risk Zones of Exposure, Vulnerability, and Safe Havens

Fekete

2022

Challenges

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New risk geographies are emerging with war and conflict resurfacing, including nuclear threats. This poses challenges to civil protection for conducting risk-informed preparedness planning. A spatial assessment of Germany and Europe is conducted using a geographic information system. Buffer circles of nuclear explosion effects and fallout buffers show potentially exposed areas around major cities. Different scenarios indicate shrinking areas safe from exposure. However, even in a densely populated country, rural areas and smaller cities can be identified that could provide sites for evacuation shelters. Changing wind directions poses a challenge for civil protection planning because fallout risk covers most German territory even when few cities are attacked. However, wind speeds and topography can help identify suitable shelter areas. More knowledge about the temporal development of a nuclear explosion and its specific forms of harm can also help to improve risk knowledge and planning. While nuclear warfare at first seems to render useless any option for safe areas and survival, the spatial risk assessment shows that exposure does not occur at all places at all times. Being safe from harm will be difficult in such a worst-case scenario, but avoiding large city perimeters and being informed can also help reduce risk.

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Section: Derivation Of Data and Rangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Options To Improve Exposure Assessments By Vulnerabil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safe from Harm? Massive Attack Nuclear Worst-Case Scenario for Civil Protection in Germany Regarding High-Risk Zones of Exposure, Vulnerability, and Safe Havens

Fekete

2022

Challenges

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“…A similar study on the effects of nuclear war conducted by Haaland, Chester, and Wigner (1976) was focused on the survival of the relocated population of the U.S. Information was provided that was necessary for FEMA to evaluate nuclear Crisis Relocation alternatives. The report, therefore, concentrates primarily on issues such as transportation, availability of shelter, communications, and the radiological hazards the survivors would have to face.…”

Section: Effects Of Nuclear Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Bibliography

2014

Transformation of the African American Intelligentsia, 1880-2012

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Exp Date Jun30,1 986 la REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS UNCLASSIFIED 2aL SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF REPORT 2b. DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE UNLIMITED 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) IWR Report 87-R-6 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION

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Medical Resources After Nuclear War

Abrams¹

1984

JAMA

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Survival of the Relocated Population of the U.S. After a Nuclear Attack

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Safe from Harm? Massive Attack Nuclear Worst-Case Scenario for Civil Protection in Germany Regarding High-Risk Zones of Exposure, Vulnerability, and Safe Havens

Safe from Harm? Massive Attack Nuclear Worst-Case Scenario for Civil Protection in Germany Regarding High-Risk Zones of Exposure, Vulnerability, and Safe Havens

Analytical Bibliography

Medical Resources After Nuclear War

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