Survival of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis armigera on crops and in soil in Botswana

Roome, R. E.; Daoust, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/0022-2011(76)90023-9

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They attributed this to larval behaviour as well as variations in virus persistence. In addition the virus clearly persists better on sorghum rather than on cotton, as a result of the accumulation of virus from infected larvae and the shielding of IBs from sunlight by the compact sorghum head (Roome & Daoust, 1976). Improved formulations and application methods are of particular importance for such viruses which have widespread potential in subtropical and tropical regions.…”

Section: Heliothis Npvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect viruses as control agents

Payne¹

1982

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYVirus diseases have been reported from more than 800 species of insects and mites. Isolates of the baculovirus and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus groups have biological properties which should lead to their successful use as microbial control agents in integrated pest management programmes. These viruses infect the larval stages of many lepidopterous and hymenopterous pests, producing a chronic or lethal infection and the release of large quantities of relatively stable infective inclusion bodies (IBs). The IBs serve as the means by which the viruses are transmitted and persist outside the host. Younger larvae are more susceptible to infection than older stages, and this difference influences the timing of application and doses of virus needed for practical pest control. The high degree of host specificity of many isolates reduces their potential ecological hazard but also limits their use, particularly on crops where a complex of pests is established. Environmental persistence is also a limiting factor as virus is rapidly inactivated by ultra-violet light even when contained within IBs. The viruses persist for longer periods when transmitted within the host population, a feature of virus infections restricted to the insect gut.The practical use of insect viruses in horticulture and agriculture does not utilize their full epizootic potential, but takes advantage of their high pathogenicity and specificity. The baculoviruses of codling moth, andHeliothisspp. provide satisfactory pest control, but for their most cost-effective use it is important to determine the minimum dosage rates of virus required. It is encouraging that studies of the virus control ofPierisspp. have suggested that control achieved by the insecticidal use of a virus can be closely predicted from information on dosage-mortality responses, larval feeding rates and virus persistence. The stability of forest and grassland, and their high economic thresholds makes them ideal candidates for longer-term control. Viruses of the coconut rhinoceros beetle and european spruce sawfly provide examples of classical biological control where the viruses persist for long periods, are efficiently transmitted and act as natural regulators of their hosts. Virus control of pasture, and some forest, pests may be possible by manipulating enzootic viruses without the need for direct control measures. More frequently insecticidal applications are needed, providing control of limited duration which requires periodic ‘topping-up’.Few viruses are commercially-available; their selectivity and often small potential market, may limit industrial interest. However, improvements in virus production, formulation and a better understanding of virus epizootiology should lead to an increasing role for this group of insect pathogens in biological control.

show abstract

Section: Heliothis Npvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect viruses as control agents

Payne¹

1982

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the infectivity of NPV deposits on the leaf surface was measured daily it could be shown that further inactivation occurred up to at least 3 days. Although estimates of inactivation in the field are compounded of both leaf surface inactivation and sunlight our results suggest that leaf surface inactivation alone could account for the rapid decline in infectivity that has been reported (Roome & Daoust, 1976;Young & Yearian, 1974;Bullock, 1967;Ignoffo et al, 1972;Yearian & Young, 1974). In this study we have shown that the exudate from the cotton leaf surface gland is responsible for inactivating the NPV of S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Ultraviolet light and mechanical weathering are the major factors affecting the long term viability and presence of PIBs on all crop plants. On cotton, however, NPVs are inactivated more quickly than on any other plant examined (Roome & Daoust, 1976;Young & Yearian, 1974). Estimates of the time period over which inactivation takes place are as short as 24 h (Bullock, 1967;Yearian & Young, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimates of the time period over which inactivation takes place are as short as 24 h (Bullock, 1967;Yearian & Young, 1974). Young & Yearian (1974) and Roome & Daoust (1976) compared the rates of inactivation of Heliothis NPV on cotton with those on sorghum. Most infectivity was lost after 1 day on cotton while infectivity could be detected on sorghum up to 80 days later (Roome & Daoust, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young & Yearian (1974) and Roome & Daoust (1976) compared the rates of inactivation of Heliothis NPV on cotton with those on sorghum. Most infectivity was lost after 1 day on cotton while infectivity could be detected on sorghum up to 80 days later (Roome & Daoust, 1976). Young & Yearian (1974) compared inactivation rates on cotton with soybean and tomato; again little activity remained after 24 h on cotton while active virus persisted on soybean and tomato up to 96 h. This difference was maintained when the plants were shielded from sunlight indicating that the rapid inactivation was due to some factor other than ultraviolet light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Inactivation of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus on cotton by the substances produced by the cotton leaf surface glands

Elleman¹,

Entwistle²

1985

Annals of Applied Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Loss of viability of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Spodoptera littoralis was shown to occur on cotton leaves but not on cabbage leaves or on semi-synthetic insect diet. The inactivation was rapid, occurred in the dark and required contact between the cotton leaf surface and the polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs). It was shown that the products of the cotton leaf glands, which exude a crystalline material onto the leaf surface, could account for the rapid inactivation observed. Inactivation did not involve loss of virus polyhedral inclusion bodies. The use of EDTA or a low pH buffer in the NPV suspension reduced the inactivation which suggested that the loss of activity was due to the presence of calcium and magnesium in the cotton gland exudate.

show abstract

Effect of Agricultural Operations and Precipitation on Vertical Distribution of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Soil

Fuxa

Richter

1996

Biological Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Survival of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis armigera on crops and in soil in Botswana

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Insect viruses as control agents

Insect viruses as control agents

Inactivation of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus on cotton by the substances produced by the cotton leaf surface glands

Effect of Agricultural Operations and Precipitation on Vertical Distribution of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Soil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About