Survival of Dispersing and Philopatric Yellow-Bellied Marmots: What Is the Cost of Dispersal?

Vuren, Dirk Van; Armitage, Kenneth B.

doi:10.2307/3546135

Cited by 128 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…(2) Immigration is very rare in established colonies unless residents die such that some or all of the habitat patch becomes available for occupancy (Armitage 1991). (3) Dispersing females suffer a high mortality, and probability of dispersing females' finding a suitable habitat patch and realizing reproduction is very low (Van Vuren and Armitage 1994). However, we recognize that some yearling females might have survived dispersal and formed a new matriline outside of our study sites; our estimates of juvenile survival rates may thus be biased downward.…”

Section: Study Species Study Area and Field Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow-Bellied Marmot Population Dynamics: Demographic Mechanisms of Growth and Decline

Oli

Armitage

2004

Ecology

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Abstract. Multiple environmental factors may act synergistically to influence demographic characteristics, and ultimately the dynamics, of biological populations. Using prospective and retrospective analyses of demographic data from a 40-year study of individually marked animals, we investigated the demographic mechanisms of the temporal and spatial dynamics of a yellow-bellied marmot (Marmota flaviventris) population. Prospective elasticity analyses indicated juvenile survival (P j ) would have the largest relative influence on the projected population growth rate (). Relative magnitudes of elasticities did not differ between years characterized by positive ( Ͼ 1.0) and negative ( Ͻ 1.0) population growth. However, retrospective analyses of a life table response experiment (LTRE) revealed that changes in fertility (F), followed by age of first reproduction (␣) made the largest contributions to observed annual changes in . Changes in F and ␣ made the largest contributions to annual declines in , whereas changes in P j also were important to cause increases in . Population dynamic differences among marmot colonies were due primarily to spatial variations in ␣ and P j . Our results indicate that changes in reproductive parameters (␣ and F) primarily drive the temporal dynamics of our study population, and that demographic mechanisms of population increases might differ from those of population declines. Studies of the regulation of yellow-bellied marmot populations should focus on the factors or processes influencing reproductive parameters.

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Section: Study Species Study Area and Field Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow-Bellied Marmot Population Dynamics: Demographic Mechanisms of Growth and Decline

Oli

Armitage

2004

Ecology

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“…Dispersing males usually sustained greater mortality than philopatric females (e.g. Van Vuren & Armitage, 1994a). This decrease in yF eF hw rtzD uF fF ermit ge nd hF n uren 342 Barash (1974b) male survivorship occurs in other polygynous grounddwelling squirrels (Table 5).…”

Section: Survivorship Patterns and Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In yellow-bellied marmots, the increasingly femalebiased sex ratio and residency pattern are a consequence of male dispersal and female philopatry and the increased mortality of dispersers (Van Vuren & Armitage, 1994a). Male dispersal is best explained as a result of mate competition; yearling males were subordinate to adult males and were treated agonistically until they dispersed (Armitage, 1974;Downhower & Armitage, 1981;Armitage & Johns, 1982).…”

Section: Sex Ratio and Residencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nearly all marmots at 22 smaller habitat sites (satellites) were captured when the sites were occupied, but not all sites were trapped every year before 1983. Trapping at satellite sites was more intensive during radio-tracking of marmots from 1983 through 1993 (Van Vuren, 1990;Van Vuren & Armitage, 1994a, 1994b.…”

Section: Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One major source of mortality was predation by coyotes Canis latrans, pine marten Martes americana, black bears yF eF hw rtzD uF fF ermit ge nd hF n uren 340 Ursus americana, badgers Taxidea taxus, golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos and long-tailed weasels Mustela frenata (Andersen & Johns, 1977;Armitage, 1982;Van Vuren, 1990;Van Vuren & Armitage, 1994a). During a radiotelemetric study, all mortality during the active season was attributed to predation, which was especially high on dispersing marmots (Van Vuren & Armitage, 1994a).…”

Section: Sources Of Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 32‐year demography of yellow‐bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris)

1998

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Yellow-bellied marmots Marmota¯aviventris in the East River Valley of Colorado were live-trapped and individually marked annually from 1962 through 1993. These pooled data were used to produce a demography and life table for these years. Females had signi®cantly better survivorship than males beyond the ®rst-year age class, and the sex ratio became progressively female biased. The major mortality factors of predation and unsuccessful hibernation acted evenly on all age classes as shown by the constant rates of survivorship. The rate of senescence indicated that the probability of mortality did not increase with age. Females produced litters from ages 2 to 10 years. Mean litter size was 4.1 and did not differ among age classes. The female generation length of 4.49 years was 2.4 times the life expectancy and the median survivorship. The net reproductive rate (R o ) was 0.67, yet the population did not continually decline; adjustments to these data increased R o to 0.85. Reproductive values (V x ) were approximately equal across the reproductive age classes. The polygynous mating system is both cause and effect of the demography. Marmot population size is affected by weather factors that in¯uence reproduction and survival, by predation, and by movement into and out of the study area.

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Behavioral and physiological responses to instability in group membership in wild male woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha poeppigii)

Pain

Koenig

Fiore

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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In group-living species, integrating into a new social group after dispersal is an important life history milestone associated with physical and social challenges. Generally, this process seems to be accompanied by heightened glucocorticoid (GC) concentrations; however, most studies of physiological responses to group transfer have been conducted on species with despotic social relationships, where in-How to cite this article: Pain EL, Koenig A, Di Fiore A, Lu A. Behavioral and physiological responses to instability in group membership in wild male woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha poeppigii).

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Survival of Dispersing and Philopatric Yellow-Bellied Marmots: What Is the Cost of Dispersal?

Cited by 128 publications

References 25 publications

Yellow-Bellied Marmot Population Dynamics: Demographic Mechanisms of Growth and Decline

Yellow-Bellied Marmot Population Dynamics: Demographic Mechanisms of Growth and Decline

A 32‐year demography of yellow‐bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris)

Behavioral and physiological responses to instability in group membership in wild male woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha poeppigii)

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