Survival of Coliform Bacteria in Natural Waters: Field and Laboratory Studies with Membrane-Filter Chambers

McFeters, Gordon A.; Stuart, David G.

doi:10.1128/aem.24.5.805-811.1972

Cited by 193 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Using the membrane diffusion chambers pioneered by McFeters & Stuart (1972), we have been able to study in situ gene expression by various pathogens incubated in their natural aquatic environments. For example, we reported H. pylori cells to become nonculturable in a freshwater stream , and subsequently that they maintained the expression of murG, a glycosyltransferase (B. Adams & J.D.…”

Section: Gene Expression By Vbnc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria

2010

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Many bacteria, including a variety of important human pathogens, are known to respond to various environmental stresses by entry into a novel physiological state, where the cells remain viable, but are no longer culturable on standard laboratory media. On resuscitation from this 'viable but nonculturable' (VBNC) state, the cells regain culturability and the renewed ability to cause infection. It is likely that the VBNC state is a survival strategy, although several interesting alternative explanations have been suggested. This review describes the VBNC state, the various chemical and physical factors known to induce cells into this state, the cellular traits and gene expression exhibited by VBNC cells, their antibiotic resistance, retention of virulence and ability to attach and persist in the environment, and factors that have been found to allow resuscitation of VBNC cells. Along with simple reversal of the inducing stresses, a variety of interesting chemical and biological factors have been shown to allow resuscitation, including extracellular resuscitation-promoting proteins, a novel quorum-sensing system (AI-3) and interactions with amoeba. Finally, the central role of catalase in the VBNC response of some bacteria, including its genetic regulation, is described.

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Section: Gene Expression By Vbnc Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria

2010

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“…Four replicate experiments were performed during the period of January 2008 to May 2009. Environmental diffusion chambers (McFeters & Stuart, 1972) were suspended in the marine environment at SIMS (see Table 1 for details). The chambers (volume 28.3 mL) were sealed with membranes (Supor s À 100 membrane filters, 0.1-mm pore size, 90 mm, PALL Life Science) that were permeable to seawater, but retained bacteria and protozoans inside the chambers.…”

Section: Environmental Chamber Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we investigate the efficacy of the grazing resistance of biofilms observed in laboratory experiments in an ecologically relevant context. The survival of V. cholerae biofilms under grazing pressure was tested in situ in environmental diffusion chambers (McFeters & Stuart, 1972), where massive dilution effects occur from the surrounding seawater. The grazing assays were performed in the marine environment over a period of 10 days and survival and persistence in the presence of two marine flagellates, R. nasuta and Cafeteria roenbergensis, was assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ grazing resistance of Vibrio cholerae in the marine environment

Erken

Weitere

Kjelleberg

et al. 2011

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Previous laboratory experiments revealed that Vibrio cholerae A1552 biofilms secrete an antiprotozoal factor that prevents Rhynchomonas nasuta from growing and thus prevents grazing losses. The antiprotozoal factor is regulated by the quorum-sensing response regulator, HapR. Here, we investigate whether the antiprotozoal activity is ecologically relevant. Experiments were conducted in the field as well as under field-like conditions in the laboratory to assess the grazing resistance of V. cholerae A1552 and N16961 (natural frameshift mutation in hapR) biofilms to R. nasuta and Cafeteria roenbergensis. In laboratory experiments exposing the predators to V. cholerae grown in seawater containing high and low glucose concentrations, we determined that V. cholerae biofilms showed increased resistance towards grazing by both predators as glucose levels decreased. The relative resistance of the V. cholerae strains to the grazers under semi-field conditions was similar to that observed in situ. Therefore, the antipredator defense is environmentally relevant and not lost when biofilms are grown in an open system in the marine environment. The hapR mutant still exhibited some resistance to both predators and this suggests that V. cholerae may coordinate antipredator defenses by a combination of density-dependent regulation and environmental sensing to protect itself from predators in its natural habitat.

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“…A combined sampling port/suspension point was made by tapping a 0.64-cm hole through the central section of the chamber and fitting it with a nylon machine screw. These chambers are similar in design to those described by McFeters and Stuart (1972). However, the McFeters and Stuart chambers were designed for use with axenic cultures of bacteria, and although they have been used in phytoplankton study (Owens et al 1977, G. A. McFeters, personal communication), they are not ideally suited for that purpose.…”

Section: Estimates Of Phytoplankton Population Size and Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Differential Growth and Mortality in the Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton Populations in Lawrence Lake, Michigan

Crumpton¹,

Wetzel²

1982

Ecology

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An investigation was made of factors controlling algal succession in a small, oligotrophic lake during summer stratification. Phytoplankton population densities, growth rates, sedimentation losses, and mortality due to zooplankton grazing were measured weekly. Cyclotella michiganiana was the dominant alga through the end of June, at which time Cyclotella comensis began to increase, becoming the dominant by August. In August, high grazing pressure caused the rapid declines of both C. michiganiana and C. comensis, which were followed by an increase of Sphaerocystis schroeteri. The combined effect of greater growth rates and lower loss rates of C. comensis resulted in its dominance over C. michiganiana. In contrast, the C. comensis—S. schroeteri succession clearly resulted from differential mortality alone. It is likely that losses due to sedimentation and/or grazing are important in many lakes and that interspecific competition may be less important in actually controlling seasonal succession.

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Survival of Coliform Bacteria in Natural Waters: Field and Laboratory Studies with Membrane-Filter Chambers

Cited by 193 publications

References 7 publications

Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria

Recent findings on the viable but nonculturable state in pathogenic bacteria

In situ grazing resistance of Vibrio cholerae in the marine environment

Effects of Differential Growth and Mortality in the Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton Populations in Lawrence Lake, Michigan

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