Survival in HIV-Infected Patients after a Cancer Diagnosis in the cART Era: Results of an Italian Multicenter Study

Gotti, D; Raffetti, Elena; Albini, Laura; Sighinolfi, Laura; Maggiolo, Franco; Filippo, Elisa Di; Ladisa, Nicoletta; Angarano, Gioacchino; Lapadula, Giuseppe; Pan, Angelo; Esposti, Anna Degli; Fabbiani, Massimiliano; Focà, Emanuele; Scalzini, Alfredo; Donato, Francesco; Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094768

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the HAART era, the incidence of this malignancy was 10 to 36 new cases per 100000 HIVinfected people per year, corresponding to 3fold to 6fold excess risk if compared with the general population [13,45] . The high incidence of HCC among HIVinfected patients was also recently documented in a multicenter Italian cohort including 13388 HIVpositive patients enrolled since 1998, where liver cancer ranked as the most frequent NADC [46] . The main risk factors for development of HCC are viral hepatitis and alcohol abuse.…”

Section: Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 63%

Non-AIDS definings malignancies among human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects: Epidemiology and outcome after two decades of HAART era

Brugnaro¹,

Morelli²,

Cattelan³

et al. 2015

WJV

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been widely available in industrialized countries since 1996; its widespread use determined a dramatic decline in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality, and consequently, a significant decrease of AIDS-defining cancers. However the increased mean age of HIVinfected patients, prolonged exposure to environmental and lifestyle cancer risk factors, and coinfection with oncogenic viruses contributed to the emergence of other malignancies that are considered non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) as a relevant fraction of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected people twenty years after HAART introduction. The role of immunosuppression in the pathogenesis of NADCs is not well defined, and future researches should investigate the etiology of NADCs. In the last years there is a growing evidence that intensive chemotherapy regimens and radiotherapy could be safely administrated to HIV-positive patients while continuing HAART. This requires a multidisciplinary approach and a close co-operation of oncologists and HIV-physicians in order to best manage compliance of patients to treatment and to face drug-related side effects. Here we review the main epidemiological features, risk factors and clinical behavior of the more common NADCs, such as lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer and anal cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma and some cutaneous malignancies, focusing also on the current therapeutic approaches and preventive screening strategies.

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Section: Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 63%

Non-AIDS definings malignancies among human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects: Epidemiology and outcome after two decades of HAART era

Brugnaro¹,

Morelli²,

Cattelan³

et al. 2015

WJV

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“…An autopsy study in AIDS patients showed diseases of the GIT in 79% [5]. The degree of immunosuppression has a profound negative influence on incidence and outcome of carcinoma, irrespective of whether the tumor is infection associated or not [4,6]. This was also shown in a large meta-analysis that compared more than 440,000 HIV-positive individuals with organ transplant patients [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In the study from the USA [4], compared to the normal population, adjusted cancer-specific mortality was significantly elevated for the following GI malignancies: pancreas (hazard ratio (HR) 1.71), colorectum (HR 1.49), and liver (HR 1.17). Markedly poor survival was demonstrated for liver cancer in another study [6]. Mortality from anal carcinoma was not increased [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Oncol Res Treat 2017;40:115-118 117 ranked as the most frequent NADC [6]. Notably, despite the reported high incidence of HCC in HIV-positive patients, adherence to guidelines regarding HCC screening varied between different settings.…”

Section: Hiv-associated Gastrointestinal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the prognosis of non-AIDS-defining cancer (NADC) is inferior to that of AIDS-associated malignancies. Only the latter may be positively influenced by the application of cART [6].This manuscript reviews the current knowledge on cancer in the GIT, including liver, biliary tract and pancreas, in HIV-infected patients. Lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma as well as drug treatment interactions are not included.…”

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confidence: 99%

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HIV-Associated Gastrointestinal Cancer

et al. 2017

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People living nowadays with HIV and AIDS may be treated effectively regarding virus replication and immunology. However, non-AIDS-defining cancer is of growing relevance due to high incidence and unfavorable outcome. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoma. Although literature on GI cancer is rare, an increased incidence of esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, hepatocellular, and colorectal carcinoma has been demonstrated. However, there are only few reports on therapy strategies and outcome, so that, despite increased occurrence of many GI carcinomas, only little is known about individualized treatment options and outcome in HIV-positive patients. More efforts have to be undertaken to close this gap.

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Breast cancer in women living with HIV: A first global estimate

McCormack

Febvey-Combes

Ginsburg

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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There is a growing population of older women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA). Breast cancer is a common cancer in women worldwide, but the global number of breast cancers in WLWHA is not known. We estimated, for each UN sub-region, the number and age distribution of WLWHA who were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2012, by combining IARC-GLOBOCAN estimates of age-country specific breast cancer incidence with corresponding UNAIDS HIV prevalence. Primary analyses assumed no HIV-breast cancer association, and a breast cancer risk reduction scenario was also considered. Among 16.0 million WLWHA aged 15+ years, an estimated 6,325 WLWHA were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2012, 74% of whom were in sub-Saharan Africa, equally distributed between Eastern, Southern and Western Africa. In most areas, 70% of HIV-positive breast cancers were diagnosed under age 50. Among all breast cancers (regardless of HIV status), HIV-positive women constituted less than 1% of the clinical burden, except in Eastern, Western and Middle Africa where they comprised 4-6% of under age 50 year old breast cancer patients, and in Southern Africa where this patient subgroup constituted 26 and 8% of breast cancers diagnosed under and over age 50 respectively. If a deficit of breast cancer occurs in WLWHA, the global estimate would reduce to 3,600. In conclusion, worldwide, the number of HIV-positive women diagnosed with breast cancer was already substantial in 2012 and with an expected increase within the next decade, early detection and treatment research targeted to this population are needed.

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Survival in HIV-Infected Patients after a Cancer Diagnosis in the cART Era: Results of an Italian Multicenter Study

Cited by 52 publications

References 35 publications

Non-AIDS definings malignancies among human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects: Epidemiology and outcome after two decades of HAART era

Non-AIDS definings malignancies among human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects: Epidemiology and outcome after two decades of HAART era

HIV-Associated Gastrointestinal Cancer

Breast cancer in women living with HIV: A first global estimate

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