Survival, Feeding, and Growth of Juvenile Dungeness Crabs from Southeastern Alaska Reared at Different Temperatures

Kondzela, Christine M.; Shirley, Thomas C.

doi:10.2307/1549120

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…For all species, males and female sizes-at-instar were pooled. Size-atinstar is influenced by many environmental factors, such as temperature (Kondzela & Shirley, 1993), salinity (Loehr & Collias, 1981;Tasto, 1983), and size at settlement (Ebert et al, 1983), so our estimates of instar were necessarily approximate.…”

Section: Estimation Of Instarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in safety factors of claws within and among six species of Cancer crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)

Taylor

2000

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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To better understand how safety factors of biological structures evolve, we examined the frequency of claw failure, and the intra-and interspecific patterns of variation in maximum biting force and breaking strength in the claws of six species of Cancer (Linnaeus) crabs that live in sympatry along the coast of the northeastern Pacific: C. antennarius, C. branneri, C. gracilis, C. magister, C. oregonensis and C. productus. Although the breakage frequencies in natural populations were similar among species (≈ 6%), they were higher than predicted based on failure probabilities calculated from laboratory measurements of biting force and breaking strength for healthy pristine claws. The incidence of claw damage was correlated with the degree of wear, suggesting that claws later in the intermolt interval were more likely to fail. Within species, safety factors increased from 3.1 to 4.6 with increasing instar number due primarily to a decline in muscle stress (force per unit area of apodeme). Surprisingly, the lower maximum muscle stress generated by later instars appeared to be due to behavioral restraint, since it was not accompanied by relatively lower muscle mass. In addition, among individuals of the same claw size, lower breaking forces were correlated with lower maximum biting force, and both were correlated with lighter cuticle and closer muscle mass, suggesting a coupling that maintains a more stable safety factor over the moult cycle. In some species, size-adjusted maximum biting forces were higher for males than females, but this paralleled differences in breaking strength, so safety factors did not differ between the sexes. Among the six Cancer species, one exhibited an unusually high safety factor (C. oregonensis, 7.4) and another an unusually low one (C. magister, 2.6). The remaining four species were similar to each other and exhibited an intermediate safety factor (3.6). From a phylogenetic perspective, the species with more extreme safety factors appeared to be derived from a common ancestor with an intermediate safety factor. From an ecological perspective, species more closely associated with rocky substrata, and presumably a higher incidence of hard-shelled prey, exhibited higher safety factors. But safety factors were also correlated with relative claw size, and sexual dimorphism in claw size. Although we cannot say whether habitat, diet or sexual selection are primarily responsible for the differences in safety factors observed among species, the cost of producing a relatively larger claw seems an unlikely explanation because safety factors did not differ between males and females in any of the sexually dimorphic species.

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Section: Estimation Of Instarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in safety factors of claws within and among six species of Cancer crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)

Taylor

2000

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Rates of embryonic development and larval growth also seem faster in the south. Water temperature affects the rates of egg and larval development (Wild 1980, Shirley et al 1987 and growth of various instars (Orensanz & Gallucci 1988, Kondzela & Shirley 1993. Local variability within regions also occurs in the timing of these life history events, and this variability has been attributed to differences in water temperature between inshore and offshore areas (Sulkin & McKeen 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal movements and distribution of Dungeness crabs Cancer magister in a glacial southeastern Alaska estuary

Stone

O'Clair²

2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The movements of 10 female and 8 male adult Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister (Dana, 1852), were monitored biweekly to monthly with ultrasonic biotelemetry for periods ranging from 73 to 555 d. Female and male crabs had different seasonal patterns of habitat use, depth distribution, and activity. The general pattern for female crabs was: (1) a relatively inactive period between November and mid-April at depths below 20 m; ovigerous crabs were typically buried during this period in a dense aggregation; (2) abrupt movement into shallow water (< 8 m) in late April and residence there until early June; this movement was coincident with the spring phytoplankton bloom and initiation of larval hatching; (3) increased activity beginning in July with movement back to deeper water, presumably to forage. Females that molted prior to oviposition did so in June and July. Male crabs occupied deep water (> 40 m) from November to April, then concentrated in shallow water (< 25 m), segregated from females, until late July. Males were most active in late summer and moved into deeper water (> 30 m) near the mouth of the cove in fall. The range of depths were -0.5 to -61.3 m for females and + 0.1 to -89.0 m for males. Female crabs showed fidelity to the head of the cove and typically ranged only 1.5 km from there. Male crabs, however, moved up to 7.2 km from the head of the cove, but did not move close to the nearest established population of Dungeness crabs 9.6 km distant. The discrete population of adult Dungeness crabs in Fritz Cove may be representative of most Dungeness crab populations inhabiting shallow embayments of the coastal fjord system of southeastern Alaska.

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“…Although it is commonly known that the temperature can significantly affect food intake in crabs (e.g. Kondzela & Shirley 1993), there is only limited information in the literature on the effect of this factor on AE. According to Klekowski & Fischer (1993) and Schmidt-Nielsen (1997), this environmental parameter is, besides the availability of food, the most significant exogenous factor affecting the amount of absorbed food, contributing to a change in enzymatic activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on physiology and bioenergetics of adult Harris mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) from the southern Baltic Sea

Hegele-Drywa

Normant

2014

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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Rates of physiological processes and bioenergetics of the Harris mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii were determined during a 7-day experiment on adult males (mean wet weight 0.83 ± 0.16 g) exposed to temperatures of 15ºC and 20ºC (S = 7). The results show that the change in temperature by 5ºC caused detectable changes in locomotor activity, food consumption and faeces production and significant (p < 0.05) changes in metabolic rates. Food assimilation efficiency and the ammonia excretion rate did not change significantly (p > 0.05). The energy expended on metabolic processes was similar at both temperatures (15ºC and 20ºC) and amounted to 17.7 ± 6.4% and 16.7 ± 4.3% of the assimilated energy, respectively. Similar values were obtained for net production efficiency K2 (P/A) at 15ºC and 20ºC, i.e. 80.4 ± 22.4% and 82.9 ± 9.7%, respectively. The amount of energy available for production was 2-fold higher at a temperature of 20ºC than at 15ºC and amounted to 103.69 ± 25.61 and 206.40 ± 20.76 J d -1 g -1 wet wt, respectively. The results show that from the bioenergetic point of view, higher experimental temperature is more "profitable" for adult R. harrisii specimens because it provides better conditions for the growth and reproduction.

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Survival, Feeding, and Growth of Juvenile Dungeness Crabs from Southeastern Alaska Reared at Different Temperatures

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Variation in safety factors of claws within and among six species of Cancer crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)

Variation in safety factors of claws within and among six species of Cancer crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)

Seasonal movements and distribution of Dungeness crabs Cancer magister in a glacial southeastern Alaska estuary

Effect of temperature on physiology and bioenergetics of adult Harris mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) from the southern Baltic Sea

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