Survival Differences Between Patients With Scalp or Neck Melanoma and Those With Melanoma of Other Sites in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program

Lachiewicz, Anne; Berwick, Marianne; Wiggins, Charles L.; Thomas, Nancy E.

doi:10.1001/archderm.144.4.515

Cited by 232 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Melanoma is a heterogeneous disease with a variety of histologic subtypes and complex epidemiology. Age-specific incidence patterns display early-and late-onset peak frequencies for trunk and face/ear melanomas, respectively [130,131], consistent with hypotheses that melanoma arises from more than one causal pathway and contain distinct melanoma genotypes [241]. NRAS and BRAF mutations, mutually exclusive of each other, are found, respectively, in 10-30 and 25-60 % of primary melanomas [60,63,64,93,228].…”

Section: Somatic Genetic Factors: Tumor Subtypessupporting

confidence: 69%

“…For example, two studies have found no association between latitude or other measures of UV exposure and mortality from melanoma in the USA [116,130,131]; however, others have reported a positive association between increasing latitude (decreasing UV) and increasing melanoma mortality rates [46,216] or a negative association between increasing latitude and melanoma mortality [34,66,78].…”

Section: Ecologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanoma Epidemiology and Prevention

et al. 2015

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The epidemiology of melanoma is complex, and individual risk depends on sun exposure, host factors, and genetic factors, and in their interactions as well. Sun exposure can be classified as intermittent, chronic, or cumulative (overall) exposure, and each appears to have a different effect on type of melanoma. Other environmental factors, such as chemical exposures-either through occupation, atmosphere, or food-may increase risk for melanoma, and this area warrants further study. Host factors that are well known to be important are the numbers and types of nevi and the skin phenotype. Genetic factors are classified as

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Section: Somatic Genetic Factors: Tumor Subtypessupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Ecologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma Epidemiology and Prevention

et al. 2015

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“…5,7 SEER collects data through a non-concurrent cohort study design. The inclusion criteria for this study were adults 18years or older with primary cutaneous melanoma located on head and neck, trunk, upper extremities or lower extremities who were diagnosed in the period of 1982 to 2011.The exclusion criteria were other cancers or sites, secondary lesions, multiple or unspecified melanoma sites, and patient less than 18years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 These numbers are supported by another smaller study. 5 Different sites of melanoma have different impact and prognosis. For example, in men, melanoma located on the scalp/neck has a worse prognosis and survival rate compared to other sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differences in survival by race/ethnicity among cutaneous melanoma patients in the United States over a period from 1982 to 2011

2018

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Background: Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with a high mortality rate. The incidence of melanoma has increased in recent years from 1:1500 in 1935 to 1:50 in 2011. The aim of this study is to investigate survival by race/ethnicity, taking site into account, among melanoma patients in the United States.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER collects data through a non-concurrent cohort study design. The sample size was 185219 participants. The chi-square test was used to examine the association between categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the overall survival curve and to estimate the survival curve per race/ethnicity. Collinearity was assessed using Pearson correlation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR).Results: Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Other patients were older in age (70 years or older), while non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic patients were younger (30-39 years). Melanoma in NHW patients was mostly located in trunk whereas melanoma for NHB, Hispanic and Other patients was mostly located in the lower limbs. For all races/ethnicities except for NHB, more individuals were diagnosed between 2002 and 2011. Patients with melanoma in upper limbs lived more frequently. Fewer women died (6.8%) compared to men (17.1%). Patients who were diagnosed between the ages of 30-39 were more likely to die. NHB had an adjusted HR of 3 (95% CI 2.7, 3.3) compared to NHW. The adjusted HR of lower limb was 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1,6) compared to the reference group (Head and Neck). The hazard for trunk and lower limb were about the same as the reference. Those who were 70 years or older had an adjusted HR of 2.2 (95% CI 2.0, 2.4). Women had an adjusted HR of 0.4 (95% CI 0.4, 0.5), and diagnosis during the decade 1982-1991 had an adjusted HR of 2.6 (95% CI 2.4, 2.7).Conclusions: NHB patients and patients of ages 30-39 years were more likely to die. The poorest survival was for diagnosis between 1982 and 1991. However, more individuals were diagnosed between 2002 and 2011. The lower limb had a worse prognosis with adjusted HR of 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1,6), and more men were diagnosed than women.

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“…These account for up 21% of all melanomas diagnosed annually (Gillgren et al 2000;Golger et al 2007;Lachiewicz et al 2008), have worse outcomes relative to melanomas of the trunk and extremities (Gillgren et al 2000;Lachiewicz et al 2008), clinically manifest as thicker lesions at their initial diagnosis and thus present at an advanced stage (Gillgren et al 2000;Hoersch, Leiter, and Garbe 2006). SLNB for melanomas of the head and neck regions is limited by technical difficulties with specific concern surrounding damage to vital structures such as the facial nerve (Eicher et al 2002).…”

Section: Impact Of Histological Site On Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%