Survival Analysis to Determine Age to Give First Birth in Women in East Java Using Extended Cox Regression

Abstract

The age of a woman when giving birth to her first child needs to be a concern because it is related to the safety of the mother and baby. A woman being too young or too old increases the risk of death for both the mother and baby. Every woman giving birth for the first time is likely to experience psychological disorders such as anxiety and excessive fear during labor, and even postpartum depression. Given the importance and possible extent of the consequences of women giving birth for the first time, this study intended to assess the factors that influence the age at first birth, especially amongst women of childbearing age in East Java. These factors include the age at first marriage, education, and region. The method used was the extended Cox regression model. The analysis shows that the age at first marriage and education are factors that significantly influence the age at first birth. The more mature the age at first marriage, the more mature the age at first birth. Likewise, the higher the educational status, the higher the potential for giving birth to a first child over the age of 23, especially amongst women who graduated high school and university.

Investigating time to first birth among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a survival analysis of nationwide cross-sectional survey data

“…Previous research has found that a woman's age, education, place of residence, employment status, and contraceptive use are all linked to the age at which she gives her first birth in Indonesia [ 17 ]. A previous study found that regional variations exist, particularly in Sylhet and Chittagong, where total fertility rates are significantly higher than the national average.…”

“…Women's marriage decisions are heavily influenced by factors such as education and where they reside [ 21 ]. A previous study highlighted that educational level is significantly associated with the age at first birth [ 17 ] and education has an impact on women’s marriage decisions [ 22 ]. Lower-income women are more likely to start childbearing earlier, have more children, and experience more difficulties during childbirth [ 23 ].…”