Survival Analysis of Calves and Reproductive Performance of Cows in Commercial Dairy Farms in and Around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Asseged, B.; Birhanu, M

doi:10.1023/b:trop.0000042862.50129.a1

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In agreement with a previous report, season had a significant influence on NSC (Asseged and Birhanu 2004), and cows served for the first time during rainy season had higher NSC than those cows that were inseminated for the first time during other seasons. This is probably due to the inability to detect estrus signs and the subsequent failure of services, as a result of confinement of the cows in-housed during the rainy season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In dairy cows, the duration of Cal-Con is influenced by nutritional factors (Tillard et al 2007(Tillard et al , 2008 and the milk yield (Washburn et al 2002;Ansari-Lari et al 2010). The overall mean estimate of Cal-Con found was much higher than 190 days reported for Holstein-Friesian cows in the Ethiopian highlands (Asseged and Birhanu 2004) and 134 days reported for Holstein cows in Iran (Ansari-Lari et al 2010). Characteristically, the Cal-Con reflects the efficiency of estrus detection and has the advantage of allowing early detection of problem cows (Farin and Slenning 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Study on reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows at Alage Dairy Farm, Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Fekadu¹,

Kassa

Belehu

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the reproductive performance of Holstein-Friesian cattle in Alage Dairy Farm in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia using data recorded from July 1983 to June 2005. Data of cows with complete information were considered, and a total of 1,104 records for calving to conception (Cal-Con), calving interval (CI), and number of services per conception (NSC), and 721 records for age at first service (AFS) and at first calving (AFC) were analyzed. The overall means (± S.E.) of AFS, AFC, Cal-Con and CI, and NSC were 991.4 ± 24.3, 1,265 ± 24.3, 285.8 ± 18.9, 561.3 ± 18.9 days and 1.69 ± 0.1, respectively. Parity significantly influenced NSC, Cal-Con, and CI. Season and year showed a significant effect on all the parameters, indicating the role of the environment and more specifically the influence of nutritional conditions at least for the long AFS and AFC, management practices, and climate on reproductive performance of the study herd. A more focused study to discern the elements of the reproductive constraints have been recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Study on reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows at Alage Dairy Farm, Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Fekadu¹,

Kassa

Belehu

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Similarly, non significant effects of calving season and calving year on incidence of abortion and stillbirths were reported by Vaccaro and Vaccaro (1982) in Holstein and Brown Swiss crossbred in intensive tropical milk production system, but Adeneye (1982) reported significant effects of parity on abortion and stillbirth incidences of imported Friesians herd in west Nigeria that higher abortions and stillbirths were observed in heifers than cows. The observed overall survival rate (77.5%) of female calves within 365 days of age is comparable with 80.3%, 75%, and 80% of yearling age of survival rate reported by Asseged and Birhanu (2004) in commercial dairy farms in and around Addis Ababa, by Mengesha (1993) at Holeta research station and by AACM (Australian Agricultural Consulting and Management) (1985) in Dairy Rehabilitation and Development Project preparation report, respectively. However, the survival rate found in this study is lower than 87% reported by Fikadu and Tefera (1993) at Adamitulu-Abernosa cattle ranch, but it was higher than that of (70.1%) survival rates of Friesian-Boran crossbred cattle up to 1 year of age reported by Gebeyehu and Hegde (2003) at Cheffa farm.…”

Section: Abortion Stillbirth and Female Calves Survival Ratessupporting

confidence: 86%

Calf survival and reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian cows in central Ethiopia

Yalew

Lobago

Goshu

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This study was carried out to evaluate the reproductive performance and calves survival rate of Holstein-Friesian (HF) herd in Holeta, central highland of Ethiopia. A retrospective analysis of 26 years data was carried out, from which records of 724 age at first calving (AFC), 2,022 calving intervals (CI), 2,971 breeding efficiencies (BE), 260 abortions, 111 stillbirths were derived from 795 cows. Moreover, 738 female calves' records were also included for survival rate study. The overall least squares means of AFC, CI, and BE were 40.9 ± 0.33 months, 475 ± 2.84 days, 81.9 ± 0.26%, respectively, while the incidence rates of abortion, stillbirth, and female calves survival rate for this herd were 8.0%, 3.4%, and 77.5%, respectively. The effects of parity number and year of birth/calving on CI and BE were significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, birth year had significant (P < 0.001) effect on AFC and calves survival rate, while calving season had significant effect on BE. The reproductive performance found in this study was lower than the performance reported in many tropical regions and the genetic potential of HF breed in their origins. Moreover, higher loss due to calf mortality was observed. Thus, the centre should consider appropriate measures to improve its herd reproductive performance and calves survival rate for attaining its aspired objectives.

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“…Also, Asmare and Kiros (2016) showed that incidence of dystocia is three to four times as frequent in females calving for the first time compared to females in the second parity. Thus, Asseged et al (2004) and Bleul (2011) recommended crossing of local breeds of cow at second parity and above with exotic bull to avoid the problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the causes of calf morbidity and mortality and its associated risk factors in South Omo Zone, South-Western Ethiopia

Tesfaye¹,

Getachew²,

Tadele³

et al. 2020

J. Anim. Sci. Vet. Med.

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A cross-sectional and longitudinal observational study with the objectives to identify calf management and husbandry practices and to investigate the major causes of calf morbidity and mortality and its associated risk factors was conducted in South Omo Zone from 2015 to 2016. A total of 85 calf owners were interviewed and 255 calves of those farmers were longitudinally followed for six months from the very first day of their birth. Accordingly, retained placenta 17/85 (20%), narrow pelvic outlet 17/85 (17.6%) and prolonged labour 8/85 (9.4%) were ranked as maternal-related calving problems whereas, ‘navel ill’ 34/85 (40.0%), dead birth 9/85 (10.6%), oversized calve 16/85 (18.8%) and abnormal presentation 9/85 (10.6%) were identified as calf-related problems. The traditional healers 31/85 (36.47%) and veterinarians 24/85 (28.23%) were dominant calving assistants in the study areas. Moreover, bloody diarrhea 24/85 (28.2%), ectoparasites 10/85 (11.8%), pneumonia 7/85 (8.2%) and constipation 3/85 (3.5%) were categorized as the major health problems that frequently affected the calves. From the calves longitudinally followed, 85 calves (33.3%) were encountered different health problems which resulted in calf morbidity and mortality. Identified health problems were not significantly associated (p>0.05) with study sites, sex and breed of calves. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, six variables (calf housing system, dam vaccination history, colostrum feeding frequency, calf house clearing frequency, parity of the dam and calf delivery problem) were significantly associated (p<0.05) with calf morbidity. However, none of the variables was significantly associated with calf mortality. Through six months follow-up, 4.41% crude calf mortality rate was recorded. Sudden death with unknown cause, bloody diarrhea, pneumonia, “evil eye” and physical damages were responsible for 36.36, 18.18, 18.18, 9.09 and 18.18% case fatality and responsible for 1.60, 0.80, 0.80, 0.40 and 0.80% crude mortality respectively. The crude mortality varies among sex; 3.13 and 6.67% respectively in male and female calves. Similarly, it was relatively higher in calves under one week of age (5.73%) and decreasing as the calf’s age increased. It can be concluded that improving herd management and husbandry practices which negatively affecting calf health could minimize calf morbidity and mortality. Moreover, improving the whole herd health system and awareness creation to calve owners to improve the dynamism of their future replacement calve is very important in this area.

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Survival Analysis of Calves and Reproductive Performance of Cows in Commercial Dairy Farms in and Around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Study on reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows at Alage Dairy Farm, Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Study on reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows at Alage Dairy Farm, Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Calf survival and reproductive performance of Holstein–Friesian cows in central Ethiopia

Study on the causes of calf morbidity and mortality and its associated risk factors in South Omo Zone, South-Western Ethiopia

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