Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images - case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia

Abstract

From the 1980's, Indonesian shrimp production has continuously increased through a large expansion of cultured areas and an intensification of the production. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations linked to this development, there are currently 250,000ha of abandoned ponds in Indonesia. To implement effective procedure to undertake appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, an integrated indicator based on four criteria using very high spatial optical satellite images, has been developed to discriminate active from abandoned ponds. These criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. This indicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary, a production area in decline, to highlight the abandonment dynamic between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonment were identified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should be integrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation.

Mangrove area and propagule number planting targets produce sub-optimal rehabilitation and afforestation outcomes

“…Propagule survivorship would be a more appropriate measure, perhaps combined with an emphasis on recovering abandoned aquaculture ponds. The area of abandoned ponds in Thailand and the Philippines is not known, but in Indonesia alone there is estimated to be around 250,000 ha (Gusmawati et al, 2017).…”

Defining mangrove-fisheries: A typology from the Perancak Estuary, Bali, Indonesia

“…Indonesia has the largest area of mangrove of all countries worldwide, however it has also experienced the largest area loss [39]. Bali, and specifically the Perancak Estuary, has been the focus of research reporting rapid mangrove loss due to aquaculture conversion [40][41][42][43]. The region is now experiencing a period of greening (increasing mangrove area) due to natural regrowth and replanting efforts [42].…”

“…The region is now experiencing a period of greening (increasing mangrove area) due to natural regrowth and replanting efforts [42]. This location is representative of the pattern of aquaculture establishment and subsequent land cover change which occurred from the 1970s to the 1990s in many areas of Indonesia (Gusmawati et al 2018, wider Asia and worldwide [44]. Despite this changing mangrove extent, the importance of the mangrove-fishing activities that exist in Perancak Estuary area have yet to be studied and no data on mangrove-fishing prior to mangrove loss exists.…”

Daya Dukung Spasial Kawasan Pertambakan Melalui Interpretasi Citra Satelit Alos Avnir-2 Studi Kasus Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan

“…Area tambak tersebut didominasi oleh budi daya udang dan bandeng, dimana dalam kurun waktu 4 tahun, produksi perikanan budi daya udang mengalami peningkatan rata-rata 15,82% dan komoditi bandeng rata-rata 10,84% dari tahun -2014(Pusat Data, Statistik, dan Informasi KKP, 2015. Saat ini, Pemerintah Indonesia terus mendorong pertumbuhan industri udang untuk memastikan ketahanan pangan (Gusmawati et al, 2017). Pemerintah Indonesia menargetkan produksi udang dalam dekade berikutnya dari 0,3-0,4 juta ton menjadi 0,6-1,0 juta ton pada tahun 2030 (KKP, 2014).…”