Survey study and experimental investigation on the local behavior of pedestrian groups

Wei, Xiaoyong; Lv, Wei; Song, Weiguo; Li, Xiaolian

doi:10.1002/cplx.21633

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…whereñ k ,ñ l are the number of points used for computing the averages and standard deviations 16 , and then we consider the maximum pairwise effect size…”

Section: A4 Effect Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We refrain from applying the machinery of two way or n way ANOVA to our data, since our ecological data set is extremely unbalanced, and it is unbalanced for the very reason that our "factors" are not independent variables 17 . It is nevertheless useful to analyse the interplay between the different features, and we do that in section C by performing a statistical analysis similar to the one described above of a given feature A while keeping fixed the value of another feature B to a 16 I.e.,ñ k = N k g if we are using group averages,ñ k = N k if we are using overall distributions. 17 For example, since the average height of females is two standard deviations lower than the male one [44], the high range height groups will be entirely composed of males, not to mention more extreme cases, such as the conditional probability of having a children in a group of colleagues, which is arguably zero.…”

Section: A5 Multi-factor Cross Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrinsic group behaviour: Dependence of pedestrian dyad dynamics on principal social and personal features

Zanlungo¹,

et al. 2017

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Being determined by human social behaviour, pedestrian group dynamics may depend on “intrinsic properties” such as the purpose of the pedestrians, their personal relation, gender, age, and body size. In this work we investigate the dynamical properties of pedestrian dyads (distance, spatial formation and velocity) by analysing a large data set of automatically tracked pedestrian trajectories in an unconstrained “ecological” setting (a shopping mall), whose apparent physical and social group properties have been analysed by three different human coders. We observed that females walk slower and closer than males, that workers walk faster, at a larger distance and more abreast than leisure oriented people, and that inter-group relation has a strong effect on group structure, with couples walking very close and abreast, colleagues walking at a larger distance, and friends walking more abreast than family members. Pedestrian height (obtained automatically through our tracking system) influences velocity and abreast distance, both growing functions of the average group height. Results regarding pedestrian age show that elderly people walk slowly, while active age adults walk at the maximum velocity. Groups with children have a strong tendency to walk in a non-abreast formation, with a large distance (despite a low abreast distance). A cross-analysis of the interplay between these intrinsic features, taking in account also the effect of an “extrinsic property” such as crowd density, confirms these major results but reveals also a richer structure. An interesting and unexpected result, for example, is that the velocity of groups with children increases with density, at least in the low-medium density range found under normal conditions in shopping malls. Children also appear to behave differently according to the gender of the parent.

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“…whereñ k ,ñ l are the number of points used for computing the averages and standard deviations 16 , and then we consider the maximum pairwise effect size…”

Section: A4 Effect Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A5 Multi-factor Cross Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic group behaviour: Dependence of pedestrian dyad dynamics on principal social and personal features

Zanlungo¹,

et al. 2017

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“…Indeed in Moussaïd's model, group members feel the same repulsive social force from other group members as non-group members. Given the distances observed in real life between group members, pedestrians accept intrusions into their personal space if it is from a member of their own group (more or less depending on the relationship) (Wei et al 2015). The dynamic personal space defined by Prédhumeau, Dugdale, and Spalanzani (2019) can be ignored between members of a group since is not taken into account in the calculation of forces between members of the same group.…”

Section: Group Behavior Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When pedestrians belong to a group they pay particular attention to other group members. If a group member is behind, 60% of people will slow down to wait and 15% will stop (Wei et al 2015). Therefore in the proposed model pedestrian perceptions have been adjusted so that members of the same group can perceive other members wherever they are.…”

Section: Group Behavior Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulating Pedestrian Social Group Behavior with Heterogeneous Social Relationships

2020

Spring Simulation Conference (SpringSim 2020)

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The nature of the social relationship within a pedestrian group influences the group's structure and behavior and thus its entitativity (i.e. the perception of a group as a unit by other pedestrians). However, existing crowd models ignore the diversity of social relationships and have limitations in reproducing group avoidance behaviors. The proposed model is an adaptation of the social force model that addresses group social relationships. The approach is calibrated by comparing the distances and angles between members of the simulated groups with observations in real crowds. Results show that intra-group distances are a key factor in collision avoidance behavior. Simulation of collision avoidance shows that group members behavior fits better with empirical data than the original model and that individuals avoid splitting groups. By simply tuning the distribution of social relationships in the simulated crowd, the model can be used to reproduce crowd behaviors in several contexts.

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“…Groups represent an important, if not predominant, portion of urban pedestrian crowds [1,2], and they exhibit groupspecific behaviour [3,4,5,6] and thus understanding and modelling them is necessary to reproduce crowd behaviour in normal and emergency conditions [7]. As a result, a few statistical studies, mathematical and numerical models of group behaviours have been developed [3,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. It is nevertheless clear that, being related to human social behaviour, group dynamics is probably influenced by the composition of the group and by the relation between the members [6,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social group behaviour of triads. Dependence on purpose and gender

Zanlungo¹,

Yücel

Kanda

2020

Coll Dyn

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We analysed a set of uninstructed pedestrian trajectories automatically tracked in a public area, and we asked a human coder to assess their group relationships. For those pedestrians who belong to the groups, we asked the coder to identify their apparent purpose of visit to the tracking area and apparent gender. We studied the quantitative dependence of the group dynamics on such properties in the case of triads (three people groups) and compared them to the two pedestrian group case (dyads), studied in a previous work. We found that the group velocity strongly depends on relation and gender for both triads and dyads, while the influence of these properties on spatial structure of groups is less clear in the triadic case. We discussed the relevance of these results to the modelling of pedestrian and crowd dynamics, and examined the possibility of the future works on this subject.

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Survey study and experimental investigation on the local behavior of pedestrian groups

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Intrinsic group behaviour: Dependence of pedestrian dyad dynamics on principal social and personal features

Intrinsic group behaviour: Dependence of pedestrian dyad dynamics on principal social and personal features

Modeling and Simulating Pedestrian Social Group Behavior with Heterogeneous Social Relationships

Social group behaviour of triads. Dependence on purpose and gender

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