Survey on the nucleate pool boiling of hydrogen and its limits

Abstract

Nucleate pool boiling is a very efficient transfer regime with low temperature gradients, bounded between two heat flux values and which border transitions to other regimes, this phenomenon is well framed with correlations; our study aims to clarify the applicability of this regime to liquid hydrogen and to develop reliable correlations for a useful and qualitative agreement. An exhaustive review on the nucleate pool boiling of hydrogen and the limits of this regime, whether are the onset nucleate boiling (ONB) and the critical heat flux (CHF) was made, allowing the collection of more than 1400 points from experimental setups, highlighting a variety of parameters. Five predictive correlations were drawn from the literature, graphical and statistical comparisons were made, two in five reveal acceptable results. After analysis of the experimental data, new correlations were developed and compared with the data collected, convincing results were obtained and discussed. A simple form was expressed for the heat flux , shows better predicted values; convincing results of the (CHF) have been found on modified Kutateladze correlation (1948), and the CHF value reaches a maximum of 148×103 W/m² for a reduced pressure at 0.35; a nucleate boiling correlation suitable for hydrogen has been developed.

A Review on Liquid Hydrogen Pool-Boiling Correlations

“…Baki empirically curve-fit the hydrogen measurements in this regime to solve for the constants in equation 2 with an error of 58%. This is due to the wide range (0.1*10^3-1*10^3) of heat fluxes calculated from the varying data sets [11]. McDougall made a note that this region is inconsequential when determining the boil-off losses from hydrogen [12].…”

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

“…Baki and Aris [3] experimentally examined the boiling of the refrigerant R141b outside a horizontal tube, Baki et al [4,5] analyzed the influence of the diameter of the heating element on the boiling of pure fluids and have proposed a correlation that can determine the coefficient of heat transfer. Baki [6][7][8] compared the experimental boiling data with those of values predicted by the correlations taken from the literature, and Baki [9] compared the experimental data of the pool boiling liquid hydrogen with known correlations and studied the critical flux and the heat transfer coefficient.…”