Survey on power system stabilizers control and their prospective applications for power system damping using Synchrophasor‐based wide‐area systems

Abstract

Power system oscillation damping remains as one of the major concerns for secure and reliable operation of large power systems, and is of great current interest to both industry and academia. The principal reason for this is that the inception of poorly-damped low-frequency inter-area oscillations (LFIOs) when power systems are operating under stringent conditions may lead to systemwide breakups or considerably reduce the power transfers over critical corridors. With the availability of high-sampling rate phasor measurement units (PMUs), there is an increasing interest for effectively exploiting conventional damping control devices, such as power system stabilizers (PSSs), by using these measurements as control input signals. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of distinct elements (or "building blocks") necessary for wide-area power system damping using synchrophasors and PSSs. These building blocks together shape a tentative methodical framework, and are disposed as follows: (1) fundamental understanding of the main characteristics of inter-area oscillations, (2) wide-area measurement and control systems (WAMS and WACS) and wide-area damping control (WADC), (3) advanced signal processing techniques for mode property identification, (4) methods for model-based small-signal analysis, (5) control input signals selection, and (6) methods for PSS control design. We also describe the latest developments in the implementation of synchrophasor measurements in WAMS and WACS as well as their prospectives for WADC applications. This paper serves both to abridge the state-of-the-art in each of these elements, and to accentuate aspiring ideas in each building block.

Framework Incorporating Synchronized Phasor Data for Power System Operation and Control

“…Protection applications have highest requirement of data report rate since their responding time should be short after events as much as possible. Increasing data report rate for system control and analysis applications, such as PSS, AGC, state estimation, and etc, can improve control performance [59]. On the other hand, it is not necessary for all applications to have high data report rate which put a higher bandwidth requirement for the communication network.…”

On-line oscillations monitoring under high penetration of non-synchronous generation

“…The development of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) technology and Wide Area Damping Control (WADC) and Wide Area Measurement and Control (WAMS and WACS) [11], has enabled new real-time and on-line methods to identify and monitor the low frequency electromechanical oscillations which is a requirement to protect the current super grid power systems .…”

Wide-Area Based on Coordinated Tuning of Fuzzy PSS and Facts Controller in Multi-Machine Environment

“…Remote signals transmit knowledge related to the overall network dynamics, in contrast with local signals, which often lack good observability of some significant inter-area modes [13]. Even though WAC controllers involve additional communication equipment, their implementation may turn out to be more cost effective than installing new control devices if the additional operating flexibility achieved in critical power systems compensates for the equipment cost [14][15].…”