Survey of viruses infecting open‐field pepper crops in Côte d'Ivoire and diversity of Pepper veinal mottle virus and Cucumber mosaic virus

Abstract

The prevalence of viruses in pepper crops grown in open fields in the different agro‐ecological zones (AEZs) of Côte d'Ivoire was surveyed. Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV; genus Potyvirus) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV; genus Cucumovirus) were the most frequent viruses among those surveyed, while tobamoviruses (genus Tobamovirus) were detected at low frequency. PVMV showed a high heterogeneity across AEZs, which may be related to climatic, ecological or agronomical conditions, whereas CMV was more homogeneously distributed. The molecular diversity of CMV and PVMV were analysed from partial genome sequences. Despite the low number of CMV isolates characterized, two molecular groups were revealed, one corresponding to subgroup IA and the other to reassortants between subgroups IA and IB. RNAs 1 and 3 of the reassortants clustered with the IB subgroup of CMV isolates, whereas their RNA 2 clustered with the IA subgroup. Importantly, RNA 1 of CMV isolates of the IB subgroup has been shown to be responsible for adaptation to pepper resistance. The diversity of PVMV in the VPg‐ and coat protein‐coding regions revealed multiple clades. The central part of the VPg showed a high level of amino acid diversity and evidence of positive selection, which may be a signature of adaptation to plant recessive resistance. As a consequence, for efficient deployment of resistant pepper cultivars, it would be desirable to examine the occurrence of virulent isolates in the CMV or PVMV populations in Côte d'Ivoire and to follow their evolution as the resistance becomes more widely deployed.

Farmers’ Perception of Viral Diseases and Their Management in Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Production in Benin

“…Level of insect vector knowledge of pepper farmers in the agroecological zones V, VI, VII, and VIII of Benin. Ivoire (BolouBi et al 2018). Similar levels of mixed infection with Polerovirus have been reported in other parts of Africa, including Rwanda and Tunisia(Buzkan et al 2013; …”

Incidence and Severity of Aphid-transmitted Viruses and Horticultural Performance of Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Breeding Lines in Benin

“…All potyviruses are transmitted by one or more aphid species and can be transmitted mechanically and by grafting (Kenyon et al, 2014). PVMV has been widely reported in West Africa, including Benin, Burkina-Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, and it is a serious problem for farmers (Afouda et al, 2013;Arogundade et al, 2012;Bolou Bi et al, 2018;Konat e and Traor e, 1999). Arogundade et al (2012) reported that the high incidence of PVMV and/or CMV could be a result of numerous alternative host species surrounding the chile pepper fields.…”