Survey of tools for Linked Data consumption

Abstract

There is lots of data published as Linked (Open) Data (LOD/LD). At the same time, there is also a multitude of tools for publication of LD. However, potential LD consumers still have difficulty discovering, accessing and exploiting LD. This is because compared to consumption of traditional data formats such as XML and CSV files, there is a distinct lack of tools for consumption of LD. The promoters of LD use the well-known 5-star Open Data deployment scheme to suggest that consumption of LD is a better experience once the consumer knows RDF and related technologies. This suggestion, however, falls short when the consumers search for an appropriate tooling support for LD consumption. In this paper we define a LD consumption process. Based on this process and current literature, we define a set of 34 requirements a hypothetical Linked Data Consumption Platform (LDCP) should ideally fulfill. We cover those requirements with a set of 94 evaluation criteria. We survey 110 tools identified as potential candidates for an LDCP, eliminating them in 3 rounds until 16 candidates for remain. We evaluate the 16 candidates using our 94 criteria. Based on this evaluation we show which parts of the LD consumption process are covered by the 16 candidates. Finally, we identify 8 tools which satisfy our requirements on being a LDCP. We also show that there are important LD consumption steps which are not sufficiently covered by existing tools. The authors of LDCP implementations may use this survey to decide about directions of future development of their tools. LD experts may use it to see the level of support of the state of the art technologies in existing tools. Non-LD experts may use it to choose a tool which supports their LD processing needs without requiring them to have expert knowledge of the technologies. The paper can also be used as an introductory text to LD consumption.

Linking Web Resources in Web of Data to Encyclopedic Knowledge Base

“…Generally, annotating web pages and linking web resources leads to more information provision. Linking web resources which describe the same entity is a research area in semantic web environment and various tools have been designed to consume linked data [27]. In recent years, several approaches and tools [28][29][30] have been designed to do the interlinking process in semantic web.…”

“…The web of data introduces an environment where various researches and applications including information retrieval systems benefit from its specifications [5,6] and various tools have been introduced for linked Data consumption [7]. One of the main specifications of the linked data is RDF¹ links which can determine the relationships between web resources.…”

Enhancing the Usefulness of Open Governmental Data with Linked Data Viewing Techniques

“…Also, the adoption of Linked (Open) Data is relatively slow [19]. The main barrier is the lack of knowledge and skills of users [20,21]. In addition, users are often unable to find data(sets) of interest, since it is difficult to relate published datasets to their concrete use case [19].…”

“…In addition, users are often unable to find data(sets) of interest, since it is difficult to relate published datasets to their concrete use case [19]. Finally, SPARQL is a versatile and expressive query language, but also has a steep learning curve [20].…”

“…By representing the data in a standardized way, different components can be used for publishing, storing, retrieving, reusing, integrating and analysing Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences | 2019 URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10125/59728 ISBN: 978-0-9981331-2-6 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) the data [1]. The implementation of Linked Open Data and the adoption by users is however hindered by barriers [19,20,21] which will be addressed in the next section.…”