Survey of the mycobiota of Spanish malting barley and evaluation of the mycotoxin producing potential of species of Alternaria, Aspergillus and Fusarium

Medina, Ángel; Valle-Algarra, Francisco M.; Mateo, Rufino; Gimeno-Adelantado, José Vicente; Mateo, Fernando; Jiménez, Misericordia

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.12.003

Cited by 80 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…High incidence rates of Alternaria spp. from different geographical areas of the Argentina have been observed in freshly harvested wheat, which is in close agreement with the findings of this research (12,13).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mycoflora of Fungal Contamination in Wheat Storage (Silos) in Golestan Province, North of Iran

Joshaghani

Namjoo

Rostami

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Cereal products are susceptible to mould damage during pre-and post-harvesting stages of the production. The regional specificity of Golestan province in the northern region of of Iran, with its high temperature and high relative humidity, acts as a leading factor for the growth of aflatoxin-producing fungi. It is well known that contamination of starch-based ingredients with mycotoxigenic fungi is a risk factor among the consumers due to its aflatoxins. Objectives: This survey was carried out to determine the extent of fungal contamination of wheat in three silos of Golestan province in Iran. Materials and Methods: 34 samples from three active silos were collected in order to clean the polyethylene bags. Wheat analyzed for fungal contamination and aflatoxins extracted by immunoaffinity column chromatography, and measured by HPLC method. Results: The most common moulds isolated were Alternaria spp. 26.7%, Aspergillus niger 21.4%, Fusarium spp. 17.8%, Aspergillus flavus 10.7%, Cladosporium spp. 10.7%, Penicillium spp. 8.9%, and Rhizopus spp. 3.5%. The screening of aflatoxin, B1, B2, G1 and G2 was carried out. 10(29.4%) samples of wheat had traces of aflatoxin, but in a level lower than the standard levels [Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIR< 15 ng/g)].Conclusions: Despite the lower detected aflatoxin levels (lower than the ISIR level), the fungal contamination rate could not be neglected. Since the isolated mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. are important in food industry, it would be possible that the increased retention time of samples might have raised the detected contamination rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mycoflora of Fungal Contamination in Wheat Storage (Silos) in Golestan Province, North of Iran

Joshaghani

Namjoo

Rostami

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…The number of the most commonly occurring species in foods/feeds and indoor environments is estimated to be around 175 [6]. The most toxigenic species belong mainly to three fungi genera: Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium [7][8][9][10]. These fungi can produce a wide range of mycotoxins differing not only in their chemical structures but also in the mode of toxicological actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced LC–MS-based methods to study the co-occurrence and metabolization of multiple mycotoxins in cereals and cereal-based food

Malachová

Stranska-Zachariasova

Václavíková

et al. 2017

Anal Bioanal Chem

119

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Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is widely used for the determination of mycotoxins in cereals and cereal-based products. In addition to the regulated mycotoxins, for which official control is required, LC-MS is often used for the screening of a large range of mycotoxins and/or for the identification and characterization of novel metabolites. This review provides insight into the LC-MS methods used for the determination of co-occurring mycotoxins with special emphasis on multiple-analyte applications. The first part of the review is focused on targeted LC-MS approaches using cleanup methods such as solid-phase extraction and immunoaffinity chromatography, as well as on methods based on minimum cleanup (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe; QuEChERS) and dilute and shoot. The second part of the review deals with the untargeted determination of mycotoxins by LC coupled with high-resolution MS, which includes also metabolomics techniques to study the fate of mycotoxins in plants.

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“…The influence of the substrate or host on colonization or ability to grow by F. equiseti has been acknowledged by several authors (Llorens et al, 2004;Marin et al, 2004;Ramirez et al, 2006). Higher levels of fungal contamination of barley than of wheat have been observed (Gil-Serna et al, 2013;Gonzalez-Jaen et al, 2008;Medina et al, 2006;Soldevilla et al, 2005). Differences in growth rate off.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth rate and TRI5 gene expression profiles of Fusarium equiseti strains isolated from Spanish cereals cultivated on wheat and barley media at different environmental conditions

Marín

Jurado

González-Jaén

2015

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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Fusarium equiseti is a toxigenic spedes that often contaminates cereal crops from diverse climatic regions such as Northern and Southern Europe. Previous results suggested the existence of two distinct populations within this species with differences in toxin profile which largely corresponded to North and South Europe (Spain). In this work, growth rate profiles of 4 F equiseti strains isolated from different cereals and distinct Spanish regions were determined on wheat and barley based media at a range of temperatures (15,20,25,30,35 and 40 t) and water potential regimens (-0.7, -2.8, -7.0, and -9.8 MPa, corresponding to 0.99,0.98,0.95 and 0.93 a w values). Growth was observed at all temperatures except at 40 °C, and at all the solute potential values except at -9.8 MRa when combined with 15 °C. Optimal growth was observed at 20-30 "Cand -0.7/-2.8 MPa The effect of these factors on trichothecene biosynthesis was examined on a F equiseti strain using a newly developed real time RT-PCR protocol to quantify TRI5 gene expression at 15,25 and 35 °C and -0.7, -2.8, -7.0 and -9.8 MPa on wheat and barley based media. Induction of TRI5 expression was detected between 25 and 35 °C and -0.7 and -2.8 MPa, with maximum values at 35 °C and-2.8 MPa being higher in barley than in wheat medium. These results appeared to be consistent with a population well adapted to the present climatic conditions and predicted scenarios for Southern Europe and suggested some differences depending on the cereal considered. These are also discussed in relation to other Fusarium species co-occurring in cereals grown in this region and to their significance for prediction and control strategies of toxigenic risk in future scenarios of climate change for this region.

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Survey of the mycobiota of Spanish malting barley and evaluation of the mycotoxin producing potential of species of Alternaria, Aspergillus and Fusarium

Cited by 80 publications

References 41 publications

Mycoflora of Fungal Contamination in Wheat Storage (Silos) in Golestan Province, North of Iran

Mycoflora of Fungal Contamination in Wheat Storage (Silos) in Golestan Province, North of Iran

Advanced LC–MS-based methods to study the co-occurrence and metabolization of multiple mycotoxins in cereals and cereal-based food

Growth rate and TRI5 gene expression profiles of Fusarium equiseti strains isolated from Spanish cereals cultivated on wheat and barley media at different environmental conditions

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