Survey of the bark anatomy of Araliaceae and related taxa

Kotina, Ekaterina L.; Oskolski, Alexei A.

doi:10.1127/1869-6155/2010/0128-0022

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It has been proposed that a change from compound to simple end walls parallels the trends for tracheary elements in the xylem (Bailey, 1953;Carlquist, 1975). However, studies that characterized the bark and wood structure of many species of a specific family did not support this hypothesis (Donghua & Xinzeng, 1993;Kotina & Oskolski, 2010;Pace et al, 2015). Mullendore et al (2010), upon not finding a correlation of sieve pore size with transport velocity in herbaceous angiosperms, suggested that the ability for plugging the pores could be a critical factor in a plant's reaction to stress.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height‐related scaling of phloem anatomy and the evolution of sieve element end wall types in woody plants

Liesche

Pace

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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Summary In the sieve elements (SEs) of the phloem, carbohydrates are transported throughout the whole plant from their site of production to sites of consumption or storage. SE structure, especially of the pore‐rich end walls, has a direct effect on translocation efficiency. Differences in pore size and other features were interpreted as an evolutionary trend towards reduced hydraulic resistance. However, this has never been confirmed.Anatomical data of 447 species of woody angiosperms and gymnosperms were used for a phylogenetic analysis of end wall types, calculation of hydraulic resistance and correlation analysis with morphological and physiological variables. end wall types were defined according to pore arrangement: either grouped into a single area (simple) or into multiple areas along the end wall (compound).Convergent evolution of end wall types was demonstrated in woody angiosperms. In addition, an optimization of end wall resistance with plant height was discovered, but found to be independent of end wall type. While physiological factors also showed no correlation with end wall types, the number of sieve areas per end wall was found to scale with SE length.The results exclude the minimization of hydraulic resistance as evolutionary driver of different end wall types, contradicting this long‐standing assumption. Instead, end wall type might depend on SE length.

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Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height‐related scaling of phloem anatomy and the evolution of sieve element end wall types in woody plants

Liesche

Pace

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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“…The presence of axial secretory canals in the phelloderm is another remarkable feature of Steganotaenia . Although axial secretory canals are present in the cortex and secondary phloem of an overwhelming majority of Apiaceae and Araliaceae examined to date (Solereder, 1899; Lemesle, 1926; Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950; Kolalite et al ., 2003; Oskolski et al ., 2007; Kotina & Oskolski, in press), the presence of these structures in the periderm has not yet been reported within Apiales. Secretory canals in the phelloderm have also been recorded in Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Wood and bark anatomy of Steganotaenia and Polemanniopsis (tribe Steganotaenieae, Apiaceae) with notes on phylogenetic implications

Oskolski¹,

Rossouw²,

Wyk³

2010

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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The wood and bark structure of the distinctive southern African genera Polemanniopsis (including the newly described species P. namibensis) and Steganotaenia have been described. To allow for comparisons with the traditional subfamily Saniculoideae, a shrubby species of Eryngium from the Juan Fernández Islands was also studied. Polemanniopsis and Steganotaenia were recently considered as two closely related genera forming a new tribe Steganotaenieae of subfamily Saniculoideae (Apiaceae), whereas Eryngium is commonly recognized as a member of Saniculoideae. Eryngium differs significantly from the other two genera in the smaller size of intervessel pits, sclerification and radial dilatation in collapsed secondary phloem, the absence of crystals in the phelloderm cells and the occurrence of druse crystals in secondary phloem ray cells. Steganotaenia and Polemanniopsis share features, including the presence of marginal axial parenchyma, the occurrence of radial secretory canals in secondary xylem, dilatation of the secondary phloem by axial parenchyma stretching, cortical periderm initiation and the presence of chambered phelloderm cells containing druse crystals. These characters (especially the occurrence of chambered crystalliferous cells in phelloderm, which has not yet been reported for Apiaceae) support both the monophyly and the isolated position of the Steganotaeniae. No reliable synapomorphic features could be found to support a relationship with Saniculoideae. Steganotaenia is remarkable in the presence of axial secretory canals in the phelloderm: these structures have not yet been found in the periderm of any member of Apiales. Our results do not provide any support for the suggestion that the woody habit in the three genera examined was derived from herbaceous ancestors secondarily.

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“…Anginon , Dracosciadium , Glia , Heteromorpha and Polemannia show the presence of secretory canals in the cortex (Figs 6–8) and secondary phloem (Figs 18, 19, 21), the presence of two types of axial parenchyma (sheath parenchyma surrounding secretory canals and phloem parenchyma accompanying sieve tubes) and the absence of fibres in the secondary phloem. These bark characters are typical of the large majority of woody Apiaceae and all Araliaceae, Myodocarpaceae and Pittosporaceae (Van Tieghem, 1884; Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950; Kotina & Oskolski, 2010; Nilova & Oskolski, 2010; Oskolski et al ., 2010) examined to date (Fig. 22), with the exception of Centella L. (Mackinlayoideae, Apiaceae), which has no secretory canals in the secondary phloem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The external appearance of stems bearing periderm or rhytidome is highly variable (Evert, 2006) and therefore of diagnostic value. In the same way, anatomical characters of the bark have taxonomic value and can be used for clarification of the systematic position of anomalous or problematic taxa (Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950; Chattaway, 1953; Junikka & Koek‐Noorman, 2007; Kotina & Oskolski, 2010). However, few studies are available in which both external and internal features of the bark have been included; notable exceptions are the studies of Eucalyptus L'Hérit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this paper is therefore to describe bark structural characters of the woody members of Heteromorpheae from southern Africa and to assess their usefulness in systematics at all taxonomic levels. This work is part of a general study of the diversity and evolution of bark structure in Apiales (Kotina & Oskolski, 2007, 2010; Nilova & Oskolski, 2010; Oskolski & Van Wyk, 2010; Oskolski, Rossouw & Van Wyk, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The systematic significance of bark structure in southern African genera of tribe Heteromorpheae (Apiaceae)

Kotina

Wyk

Tilney

et al. 2012

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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The bark anatomy of five southern African genera of tribe Heteromorpheae (Apiaceae) has been investigated: Anginon (eight species), Glia (one species), Heteromorpha (two species), Polemannia (two species) and Dracosciadium (one species). They are all similar to other members of the order Apiales and share with them the presence of secretory canals in both the cortex and secondary phloem, the presence of two types of axial parenchyma and the absence of fibres in the secondary phloem. The bark of Heteromorpheae typically has a narrow cortex with secretory canals arranged in one ring and radial dilatations of the secondary phloem, but these character states also occur in other genera of the family. The most remarkable differences between the genera are the appearance of the bark surface, the periderm structure, the presence of primary phloem fibres, the length of sieve tubes and sclerification of the axial parenchyma in collapsed secondary phloem. The trunks of Heteromorpha and Polemannia have translucent phellem and chloroplasts in the phelloderm cells, allowing the stems to photosynthesize. The shape of the epidermal cells, the presence of trichomes and the occurrence of secretory canals in the secondary phloem rays can be used as diagnostic characters for species identification.

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Survey of the bark anatomy of Araliaceae and related taxa

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Height‐related scaling of phloem anatomy and the evolution of sieve element end wall types in woody plants

Height‐related scaling of phloem anatomy and the evolution of sieve element end wall types in woody plants

Wood and bark anatomy of Steganotaenia and Polemanniopsis (tribe Steganotaenieae, Apiaceae) with notes on phylogenetic implications

The systematic significance of bark structure in southern African genera of tribe Heteromorpheae (Apiaceae)

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