Survey of substance use among adolescent drug offenders referred from juvenile courts in Taiwan: Clinical epidemiology of single versus multiple illicit substance use

Chen, Yu-Hsiung; Chen, Mu‐Hong; Wei, Han-Ting; Chen, Lian‐Yu

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2022.04.009

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…De los 17 artículos finales, 5 fueron estudios de corte trasversal (Santos-de-Pascual et al (16) , Chen et al (17) , Contreras et al (12) , Lauvsnes et al (20) , Massah y Moradi. (22) ).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Chen et al (17) en su estudio transversal, determinaron que las comorbilidades psiquiátricas más frecuentes eran el TDAH, depresivo mayor, ansiedad, trastorno psicótico y trastorno de conducta disruptiva. Por otro lado, Santos-de-Pascual et al (16) concluyeron que los pacientes que abusaban de sustancias ilícitas tenían una mayor prevalencia de patologías duales, entre ellas el trastorno de personalidad antisocial, depresión, ansiedad y distimia.…”

Section: Comorbilidades Psiquiátricasunclassified

“…(14,15) Estas patologías coexisten con la enfermedad de base, por lo que; es un reto para los sistemas de salud pública y el personal médico que brinda sus servicios en los centros de rehabilitación. (16,17) El tratamiento farmacológico para la ansiedad es ampliamente conocido, no obstante; con el transcurso del tiempo, se han adoptado nuevas estrategias no farmacológicas, como la acupuntura, actividad física y artes marciales, que no han sido estudiadas en profundidad, pero que han mostrado resultados prometedores en pacientes en rehabilitación por drogas. (18,19) De esta manera, y ante las limitadas investigaciones que se han encontrado sobre este tema en particular, se plantea que la información proporcionada tras la realización de esta investigación cumpla con el objetivo de describir los niveles de ansiedad en adultos drogodependientes institucionalizados en centros de rehabilitación.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Assessment of anxiety in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers

Pardo

Bernita

Garnica

et al. 2023

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología

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The consumption of psychoactive substances has been a controversial issue for public health worldwide due to its negative effects, which go beyond the physical health of the individual and affect other areas of his or her life, such as social, family, academic and work. Consequently, as consumption increases, psychological disorders of various kinds begin to manifest themselves; among the most prevalent is anxiety. These problems are more noticeable in patients who are going through the process of recovery from their addiction, since the situation in which they find themselves makes them vulnerable. Therefore, the objective of this research is to describe the levels of anxiety present in adult drug addicts institutionalized in rehabilitation centers. For this purpose, search engines in PubMed and Scopus were used, using Boolean operators and descriptors in Spanish and English; in addition, the PRISMA method was used for the identification and selection of information. The most significant findings include sex-related differences, where women present a higher prevalence of anxiety compared to men. In addition, the most frequent psychiatric comorbidities in these patients include depression, ADHD, antisocial disorder and psychotic disorder. Finally, new non-pharmacological approaches to treat anxiety have been found to show promising results, such as electroacupuncture, martial arts and physical exercise.

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“…De los 17 artículos finales, 5 fueron estudios de corte trasversal (Santos-de-Pascual et al (16) , Chen et al (17) , Contreras et al (12) , Lauvsnes et al (20) , Massah y Moradi. (22) ).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Comorbilidades Psiquiátricasunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Assessment of anxiety in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers

Pardo

Bernita

Garnica

et al. 2023

Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología

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“…Drug users may use multiple drugs at the same time to intensify the effects of the illicit drugs, resulting in a stronger stimulus, feeling of euphoria, and a longer period of high feeling. It is important to note that poly-drug use may lead to prominent adverse psychiatric outcomes, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, or multiple psychiatric disorders [27]. Moreover, caffeine is reported to be a commonly used active adulterant found in cocaine to enhance the reinforcing effect of cocaine and its motivational value [28,29].…”

Section: Analytementioning

confidence: 99%

Nail analysis for the assessment of caffeine abuse in Northwest China: A population‐based study

Qiao

Shao

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive agent worldwide and has the potential for abuse, but studies monitoring caffeine abuse in China are scarce. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of caffeine abuse in northwest China and investigate the correlation between caffeine and other drugs in hair and nails using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS). Fingernail clippings were collected from 376 participants in northwest China to detect caffeine and 13 other illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites. Paired hair and nail samples were collected from 39 participants to investigate the correlation between caffeine and other drugs in hair and nails. The samples were decontaminated, pulverized, and extracted by a high-throughput nail sample preparation method and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. The results showed a risk of caffeine abuse in northwest China, with concentrations ranging from 0.43 to 10.6 ng/mg for healthy volunteers, 0.49-246 ng/mg for caffeine abusers, and 0.25-363 ng/mg for drug addicts in community rehabilitation centers. Caffeine was detected together with other illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites. Furthermore, positive detection correlations were found between hair and nail samples. This study provides a current perspective on caffeine abuse in northwest China and demonstrates the practical use of UPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous detection of caffeine and 13 illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites in hair and nails. The results highlight the potential of nails as a supplementary matrix when hair samples are unavailable and emphasize the need for handling caffeine carefully given its potential for abuse. K E Y W O R D Sabused drug, alternative matrix, caffeine, forensic toxicology, nail analysis, poly-drug uses, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and UPLC-MS/MS Highlights• Prevalence of caffeine abuse in northwest China was assessed based on 376 samples.• An UPLC-MS/MS method was verified to detect caffeine and 13 psychoactive drugs in hair and nails simultaneously.• Nail could be a supplementary matrix when hair is not available.

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“…As the 21st century began, a diverse array of substances was reported to be abused. [5][6][7] Between 2002 and 2011 in Taiwan, the commonly reported substances of abuse were heroin, methamphetamine, and benzodiazepines. It is worth noting that these data depended on voluntary reporting from medical institutions, and thus the instances of substance abuse may not have been confirmed through laboratory tests, introducing a potential bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive factors for severe outcomes in substance abuse-related emergency visits: A 5-year retrospective analysis at a medical center in Taiwan

Hsieh,

Hsu,

Yang

2023

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association

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Background: Substance abuse is a considerable medical issue worldwide, yet current surveillance systems in Taiwan offer limited insights into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of substance abuse patients. This study aimed to delineate the epidemiology of emergency department visits related to substance abuse at a hospital in Taiwan and to identify factors predictive of severe complications or mortality. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on substance abuse-related emergency department visits at a medical center in Taiwan between 2009 and 2013. Eligible participants were individuals aged 20 or older who had confirmed substance abuse through urinalysis. Variables such as patient demographics, substances abused, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were collected. Severe outcomes were defined as admission to the intensive care unit, requirement for endotracheal intubation, or in-hospital death. Logistic regression models were employed to identify factors contributing to severe outcomes. Results: The cohort consisted of 623 patients, of whom 64.0% were female and 67.1% were aged between 20 and 49 years. Benzodiazepines were detected in 75.3% of patients, while z-drugs (specifically zopiclone, zolpidem, or zaleplon) were found in 27.8%. Depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens were present in 14.9%, 10.6%, and 0.6% of the cases, respectively. Of the patient, 121 (19.4%) experienced severe outcomes, including 116 (18.6%) intensive care unit admissions, 73 (11.7%) intubations, and 11 (1.8%) in-hospital deaths. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed multiple predictors of severe outcomes, such as emergency department triage level, aspiration pneumonia, leukocytosis, abnormal hepatic function, abnormal renal function, hypernatremia, and hypocalcemia. Conclusion: In Taiwan, benzodiazepines emerged as the most prevalent substance of abuse among emergency department visitors, and a significant proportion of these patients experienced severe outcomes. Continuous monitoring of severe outcome predictors is essential for enhanced understanding and management.

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Survey of substance use among adolescent drug offenders referred from juvenile courts in Taiwan: Clinical epidemiology of single versus multiple illicit substance use

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Assessment of anxiety in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers

Assessment of anxiety in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers

Nail analysis for the assessment of caffeine abuse in Northwest China: A population‐based study

Predictive factors for severe outcomes in substance abuse-related emergency visits: A 5-year retrospective analysis at a medical center in Taiwan

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