Survey of Root Pressure in Tropical Vines and Woody Species

Fisher, Jack B.; Angeles, Guillermo; Ewers, Frank W.; López–Portillo, Jorge

doi:10.1086/297412

Cited by 111 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Positive xylem pressures have been linked to vessel refilling in a variety of angiosperms, such as temperate woody trees [56], woody tropical plants [57], and many herbaceous species [51 ]. Refilling has also been reported under negative pressures, for instance in bay laurel [58] and rice [59], and requires pressures that need to rise close to atmospheric levels while the bulk xylem remains under negative pressure [60].…”

Section: Refilling Embolized Conduitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embolism resistance as a key mechanism to understand adaptive plant strategies

Lens

Tixier

Cochard

et al. 2013

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

190

175

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One adaptation of plants to cope with drought or frost stress is to develop wood that is able to withstand the formation and distribution of air bubbles (emboli) in its water conducting xylem cells under negative pressure. The ultrastructure of interconduit pits strongly affects drought-induced embolism resistance, but also mechanical properties of the xylem are involved. The first experimental evidence for a lower embolism resistance in stems of herbaceous plants compared to stems of their secondarily woody descendants further supports this mechanical-functional trade-off. An integrative approach combining (ultra)structural observations of the xylem, safety-efficiency aspects of the hydraulic pipeline, and xylem–phloem interactions will shed more light on the multiple adaptive strategies of embolism resistance in plants

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Section: Refilling Embolized Conduitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embolism resistance as a key mechanism to understand adaptive plant strategies

Lens

Tixier

Cochard

et al. 2013

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

190

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The xylem appears to be more active and dynamic in repairing its water conductivity than previously expected. Embolized conduits have been suggested to refill during nightly or seasonal root pressure (Sperry et al 1994;Ewers et al 1997;Fisher et al 1997;Cochard et al 2001). It is also possible that embolism repair may take place while water in neighboring conduits remains under tension (Salleo et al 1996;McCully et al 1998;Zwieniecki and Holbrook 1998;Pate and Canny 1999;Tyree et al 1999;Melcher et al 2001).…”

Section: Manuscript Received January 2002; Revised Manuscript Receivementioning

confidence: 99%

Vestured Pits: Do They Promote Safer Water Transport?

Jansen¹,

Baas

Gasson

et al. 2003

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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The distribution of vestured pits in angiosperms is briefly reviewed. In some major clades, the character is of constant occurrence and thus very conservative; in others, it is more variable and apparently subject to both parallel origins and reversible losses. There is a striking correlation between the type of vessel perforation plate and vestured pits. Virtually all taxa with vestured pits have simple perforation plates. This correlation, together with contrasting ecological trends for scalariform perforation plates and vestured pits, has inspired functional hypotheses that vestured pits contribute to hydraulic safety. Whereas scalariform perforations may be instrumental in reducing the effects of freezing-induced embolisms in temperate to boreal and alpine regions, vestured pits seem to be a good candidate to facilitate embolism reversal in xeric and warmer regions with high transpiration rates. The presence of highly lignified structures within the pit chamber may influence hydraulic resistance, decrease vulnerability to cavitation, or help to repair embolism by compartmentalizing or affecting the contact angle of the convex air-water interface within intervessel pits.

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“…Four measurements were made in a 24 h period starting at 07.00 hours, fitting a new manometer after the cut was done and allowing at least 5 h for pressure equilibration. Xylem water pressure was calculated as P x l 100 [(L atm \L pd )k 1] (Fisher et al, 1997).…”

Section: Root Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic architecture of Monstera acuminata: evolutionary consequences of the hemiepiphytic growth form

et al. 2000

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The hydraulic architecture of the secondary hemiepiphyte Monstera acuminata was examined in native plants from Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico, to determine how it compared to better-known growth forms such as trees, shrubs, lianas and primary hemiepiphytes. Monstera acuminata starts its life cycle as a prostrate herb. As it ascends a tree or other vertical support, the stem becomes thicker, produces larger leaves, and may die back from the base upwards until only aerial feeding roots serve to connect the stem to the soil. Unlike the pattern of vessel-size distribution along the stems of woody dicotyledons, M. acuminata has its wider vessels at the top of the stem, decreasing in diameter towards the base. Also peculiar is the fact that Huber values (axis area\distal leaf area) tend to increase exponentially at higher positions within the plant. Based on the hydraulic conductivity (k h ) and leafspecific conductivity (LSC, k h \distal leaf area), the base of the stem potentially acts as a severe hydraulic constriction. This constriction is apparently not limiting, as aerial roots are produced further up the stem. The plants have remarkably strong root pressures, up to 225 kPa, which may contribute to the maintenance of functional vessels by refilling them at night or during periods of very high atmospheric humidity, as in foggy weather and rain. In common with dicotyledonous plants, vessel length, vessel diameter, k h , specific conductivity (k s , k h \axis area) and LSCs were all positively correlated with axis diameter. The features of the hydraulic architecture of M. acuminata may be an evolutionary consequence of an anatomical constraint (lack of vascular cambium and therefore of secondary growth) and the special requirements of the hemiepiphytic growth form.

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Survey of Root Pressure in Tropical Vines and Woody Species

Cited by 111 publications

References 11 publications

Embolism resistance as a key mechanism to understand adaptive plant strategies

Embolism resistance as a key mechanism to understand adaptive plant strategies

Vestured Pits: Do They Promote Safer Water Transport?

Hydraulic architecture of Monstera acuminata: evolutionary consequences of the hemiepiphytic growth form

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