Survey of RFID and Its Application to International Ocean/Air Container Tracking

Abstract

SUMMARY"Internet of Things" (IoT) requires information to be collected from "anything", "anytime", and "anywhere". In order to achieve this, wireless devices are required that have (1) automatic data acquisition capability, (2) small size, (3) long life, and (4) long range communication capability. One way to meet these requirements is to adopt active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems. Active RFID is more advantageous than passive RFID and enables higher data reading performance over longer distances. This paper surveys active RFID systems, the services they currently promise to provide, technical problems common to these services, and the direction in which research should head in the future. It also reports the results of EPCglobal (EPC: Electronic Product Code) pilot tests conducted on global logistics for tracking ocean/air container transportation using active RFID systems for which we developed several new types of active RFID tags. The test results confirm that our active RFID tags have sufficient capability and low power consumption to well support ocean/air transportation and logistics service.

Toward Digitalization of Maritime Transport?

“…Katayama et al [ 95 ] also contributed to shipping management by testing the different commercial RFID systems available for maritime purposes, thereby discussing their pros and cons. This work covered both active and passive RFIDs.…”

High-Capacity Wireless Access Networks Using 920MHz Band for Wide-Area IoT/M2M Services

“…It is necessary to manage the location of those pallets. Conventional pallets are generally managed by manual visual inspection, sometimes passive RFID tags are used [5], [6]. Because passive RFID tags are close range devices and only one way communication is possible, passive RFID tags need large gates for reading the tags which restricts the flow of pallets.…”

“…Studies have been conducted on active RFID tags to ascertain the location and transportation condition (temperature, vibration, etc.) of pallets [5]. Other than physical distribution, UHF band active RFID tags have been studied for the protection of children on school routes [7] and for healthcare using pedometers [8].…”

Underground Infrastructure Management System using Internet of Things Wireless Transmission Technology

“…A typical pallet-rental company stores over 10,000 pallets. Conventionally, passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags have been used for pallet management [11], [12]. However, the readers must be very close to the pallets to read passive RFID tags and large gates are needed for reading the tags attached to the pallets.…”