Survey of public attitiude towards bottled and tap water quality in the UAE

Abstract

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the leading countries in the per capita bottled water consumption. This seems to be in controversy with adherences of local water authorities to stringent municipal water standards. A public survey (n= 891) was conducted to ascertain the perception of people in the country regarding bottled and tap water quality. The survey form was formulated based on the stated preference approach and was furnished in both Arabic and English languages. Some questions in the survey form require rating the quality of tap water and identifying the type of water the respondent drinks. For respondents who usually drink bottled water, they were asked to choose the reason(s) why they usually drink bottled water. Those who drink tap water more often were similarly asked to choose the reason(s) why they prefer tap water to bottled water. The study revealed that a large fraction of the UAE residents classify the quality of tap water as either good or excellent, yet many of them drink bottled water. This could be attributed in part to the high standard of living where the cost of bottled water is considered by the majority of the respondents as affordable. Other influential factors include the belief that bottled water has a better taste and concerns about tap water contamination. The latter may stem from the perception that water is not sufficiently treated or contamination is induced into the water from the distribution system or the in-house storage tanks. The study shows that more people in the UAE will drink tap water if relevant authorities provide information about tap water quality and if regular inspections and cleaning of the in-house storage tanks is conducted.

Toward the Upgrading Quality of Drinking Water from Flavor Evaluation: Taste, Feeling, and Retronasal Odor Issues

“…Many surveys have revealed the public dissatisfaction with tap water aesthetics, − but it is not clear how much of this is driven by flavor or odor. For odor, there is a tendency to look for chemical causes, while drinking water flavor tends to be explained more from the perspective of consumption behavior, , for which relevant objective information is limited in the current study. Consequently, insights into water flavor seem to be disconnected from the public perception.…”