Survey of energy-autonomous solar cell receivers for satellite–air–ground–ocean optical wireless communication

Kong, Meiwei; Kang, Chun Hong; Alkhazragi, Omar; Sun, Xiaobin; Guo, Yujian; Sait, Mohammed; Holguín‐Lerma, Jorge A.; Ng, Tien Khee; Ooi, Boon S.

doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2020.100300

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…3 The optical hub and two sensor nodes were powered by five 18650B batteries each with a capacity of 3400 mAh, respectively, which can power them to work for around 5 hours continuously. In future designs, the required electrical power can be supplied by solar-powered USVs, AUVs, or other underwater equipment to implement fully energy-autonomous UIoT [6].…”

Section: Aquae-net System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A real-time and highly efficient communication means is a prerequisite for automated subsea operations. Radio frequency (RF) communication technology, which is widely used in terrestrial and satellite internet, is difficult to use underwater due to the high attenuation of RF waves in water [6]. Also, traditional underwater acoustic communication technology with low capacity, low data rate, and high latency cannot support a large number of underwater equipment to quickly establish communication links for real-time and highly efficient automatic subsea operations due to the limited bandwidth (~kHz) and low propagation speed (1500 m/s) of acoustic waves [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward Automatic Subsea Operations Using Real-Time Underwater Optical Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2022

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Automatic subsea operations using real-time underwater optical wireless sensor networks are mooted as a new paradigm of underwater Internet of Things in this paper. To this end, we develop an underwater optical wireless sensor network prototype called AquaE-net, which consists of an optical hub and two sensor nodes with temperature, salinity, conductivity, and pH sensing capabilities. Clock synchronization is realized in AquaEnet, which paves the way for future underwater positioning and navigation. Moreover, real-time and bi-directional network communication with 100% packet success rates has been realized by AquaE-net in free space and turbid water in the harbor of the Red Sea at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. This is the first step toward future effective marine environmental monitoring and marine resources exploration.

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Section: Aquae-net System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Automatic Subsea Operations Using Real-Time Underwater Optical Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2022

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“…Exploiting LED and solar cell arrays with complex digital signal processing technologies like orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO), and equalization algorithms is a promising solution for improving communication performance and implementing more robust systems. Furthermore, the advancement of semiconductor and photovoltaic technologies is without a doubt the strongest driving force in the race to meet the demands of next-generation applications [16,17]. In [18] triple-cation perovskite solar cells were optimized for VLC by varying the thickness of the active layer.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of Light Fidelity Communication Systems

Mahmoud

Rahouma

Sayd

2022

Journal of Advanced Engineering Trends

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In recent years, visible light communication (VLC) has grown in prominence to accommodate the everincreasing demand for data traffic. As global awareness of energy-related issues rises, solar cells with dual functions of energy harvesting and data collection emerge as the preferred choice for photodetectors on the receiver side of the VLC system. This research looks into the design of a low-cost Light Fidelity (Li Fi) system using a solar panel as a photodetector. The proposed system is capable of simultaneous data transmission and energy harvesting. The generated energy can potentially be used to power a user terminal or at least to prolong its operation time. It also discusses various parameters such as distance, visibility and angle that affect the Li-Fi communication. The modulation and demodulation have been implemented on the software level and algorithms for them are clarified in this paper. The prototype was put to the test by sending a text message via visible light from one PC to another.

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“…[ 11c ] However, due to the properties of Si material, the modulation bandwidth of common solar cell is usually limited to a few MHz, which is difficult to meet the requirement for high‐speed and long‐distance UWOC. [ 12 ] In order to develop new high‐performance receiver, solar cell based on InGaN/GaN MQWs structure has also been reported in recent years, which has the advantages of a large tunable direct band gap, excellent radiation resistance, and high absorption coefficient (≈10 5 cm –1 ). [ 13 ] So, the function of micro‐LED for light energy harvesting is expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

InGaN Micro‐LED Array Enabled Advanced Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Underwater Charging

Lin

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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In this paper, the underwater applications of micro‐LED (light‐emitting diode) in light emission, optical detection, and solar cell are demonstrated. Based on a high‐bandwidth and low‐power micro‐LED array, duplex underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) and underwater charging are realized. Using the non‐return‐to‐zero on‐off‐keying modulation scheme, the maximum modulation bandwidth and data rate of a micro‐LED transmitter in the 2.3 m duplex UWOC system are 251.3 MHz and 660 Mbps, respectively. In addition, the micro‐LED‐based photodetector can achieve maximum data rates of 52.5 and 60 Mbps at 0 and −5 V in the same UWOC system, respectively. Furthermore, while achieving the communication function, the micro‐LED is used to realize the collection of external light energy, which is successfully employed to drive a 660 nm laser diode, proving the photovoltaic power generation of micro‐LED. This experiment has made a breakthrough in the duplex UWOC system based on an InGaN micro‐LED array, and verifies significant potential of micro‐LED application in the field of duplex UWOC and underwater charging.

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Survey of energy-autonomous solar cell receivers for satellite–air–ground–ocean optical wireless communication

Cited by 43 publications

References 106 publications

Toward Automatic Subsea Operations Using Real-Time Underwater Optical Wireless Sensor Networks

Toward Automatic Subsea Operations Using Real-Time Underwater Optical Wireless Sensor Networks

Design and Implementation of Light Fidelity Communication Systems

InGaN Micro‐LED Array Enabled Advanced Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Underwater Charging

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