Survey of Electromagnetic Environment Due to Mobile Communications

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of the levels of electromagnetic fields caused by cellular base stations or mobile phones, measured in some residential areas. A statistical processing of the data has also been done in order to estimate both the short-term and the long-term variability of the fields caused by cellular base stations in some apartments and on the terraces of the apartment buildings at tens or hundreds of meters distance from the antenna systems. In some places, comparative measurements of the electromagnetic fields were performed, using two different antennas, namely the horn antenna and, respectively, the log periodic antenna, with the aim to determine the electromagnetic fields caused by mobile communication systems. This will allow to estimate the electromagnetic interference on electronic devices or on human beings, namely to calculate the relative exposure index or the specific absorption rate-SAR.

A Technical Approach to the Evaluation of Radiofrequency Radiation Emissions from Mobile Telephony Base Stations

“…Measurements and evaluation of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation (EMR) levels, the RF EMR exposure guidelines recommended for the general public, and the establishment of other regulations are issues of worldwide importance [1,2]. At the moment, the most important concern is the contradictory information about mobile telephony base station antennas and their declared effects on human health [3,4].…”

Acquisition and Analysis of Biomedical Signals in Case of Peoples Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields

“…12. These values of incident electric field (E ≅ 1 V/m) may be generated at tens of meters from base stations for mobile communications or at about 1 m from a mobile phone in calling stage [28]. Also, we determined the induced fields or currents and the specific absorption rate -SAR, in a virtual human head model obtained by using successive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sections.…”