Survey of drug resistance associated gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ESKAPE and other bacterial species

Ghosh, Abhirupa; Saran, Nidhi G.; Saha, Sudipto

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65766-8

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First, evolution of antibiotic resistance is clearly important in the setting of chronic bacterial infections. This is likely because antibiotic treatment imposes strong selective pressure, and resistance-conferring mutations have a large effect size [ 53 , 54 ]. Second, a highly variable suite of mutations occur that impact the ways that the bacteria interact with their host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial evolution during human infection: Adapt and live or adapt and die

Culyba

Tyne

2021

PLoS Pathog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microbes are constantly evolving. Laboratory studies of bacterial evolution increase our understanding of evolutionary dynamics, identify adaptive changes, and answer important questions that impact human health. During bacterial infections in humans, however, the evolutionary parameters acting on infecting populations are likely to be much more complex than those that can be tested in the laboratory. Nonetheless, human infections can be thought of as naturally occurring in vivo bacterial evolution experiments, which can teach us about antibiotic resistance, pathogenesis, and transmission. Here, we review recent advances in the study of within-host bacterial evolution during human infection and discuss practical considerations for conducting such studies. We focus on 2 possible outcomes for de novo adaptive mutations, which we have termed “adapt-and-live” and “adapt-and-die.” In the adapt-and-live scenario, a mutation is long lived, enabling its transmission on to other individuals, or the establishment of chronic infection. In the adapt-and-die scenario, a mutation is rapidly extinguished, either because it carries a substantial fitness cost, it arises within tissues that block transmission to new hosts, it is outcompeted by more fit clones, or the infection resolves. Adapt-and-die mutations can provide rich information about selection pressures in vivo, yet they can easily elude detection because they are short lived, may be more difficult to sample, or could be maladaptive in the long term. Understanding how bacteria adapt under each of these scenarios can reveal new insights about the basic biology of pathogenic microbes and could aid in the design of new translational approaches to combat bacterial infections.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial evolution during human infection: Adapt and live or adapt and die

Culyba

Tyne

2021

PLoS Pathog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, all the genes were detected by using ddPCR. This could be due to the sensitivity of the ddPCR platform to detect even the lowest concentrations compared to other PCR platforms [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The concentrations of these ARGs as determined with ddPCR provided a better estimation of occurrence in wastewater, providing an indication of the prevalence of these ARGs in the populations served by the different WWTPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Regimen in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Essential components of public health include strengthening the surveillance of infectious diseases and developing early detection and prevention policies. This is particularly important for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), which can be explored by using wastewater-based surveillance. This study aimed to use molecular techniques to determine the occurrence and concentration of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) associated with tuberculosis (TB) resistance in untreated and treated wastewater. Raw/untreated and treated (post-chlorination) wastewater samples were taken from three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in South Africa. The ARGs were selected to target drugs used for first- and second-line TB treatment. Both conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the more advanced droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) were evaluated as surveillance strategies to determine the distribution and concentration of the selected ARGs. The most abundant ARG in the untreated wastewater was the rrs gene, associated with resistance to the aminoglycosides, specifically streptomycin, with median concentration ranges of 4.69–5.19 log copies/mL. In contrast, pncA gene, associated with resistance to the TB drug pyrazinamide, was the least detected (1.59 to 2.27 log copies/mL). Resistance genes associated with bedaquiline was detected, which is a significant finding because this is a new drug introduced in South Africa for the treatment of multi-drug resistant TB. This study, therefore, establishes the potential of molecular surveillance of wastewater for monitoring antibiotic resistance to TB treatment in communities.

show abstract

“…Likewise, bacterial species have been reported to have their fair share of mutations that contribute to their resistance. Six of the drug resistant genes which are gidB , gyrA , gyrB , rpoB , rpsL , and rrs have been observed to undergo similar mutation patterns in bacteria [ 80 ].…”

Section: Factors Contributing Towards Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches for Mitigating Microbial Biofilm-Related Drug Resistance: A Focus on Micro- and Nanotechnologies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biofilms play an essential role in chronic and healthcare-associated infections and are more resistant to antimicrobials compared to their planktonic counterparts due to their (1) physiological state, (2) cell density, (3) quorum sensing abilities, (4) presence of extracellular matrix, (5) upregulation of drug efflux pumps, (6) point mutation and overexpression of resistance genes, and (7) presence of persister cells. The genes involved and their implications in antimicrobial resistance are well defined for bacterial biofilms but are understudied in fungal biofilms. Potential therapeutics for biofilm mitigation that have been reported include (1) antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, (2) antimicrobial lock therapy, (3) antimicrobial peptides, (4) electrical methods, and (5) antimicrobial coatings. These approaches exhibit promising characteristics for addressing the impending crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Recently, advances in the micro- and nanotechnology field have propelled the development of novel biomaterials and approaches to combat biofilms either independently, in combination or as antimicrobial delivery systems. In this review, we will summarize the general principles of clinically important microbial biofilm formation with a focus on fungal biofilms. We will delve into the details of some novel micro- and nanotechnology approaches that have been developed to combat biofilms and the possibility of utilizing them in a clinical setting.

show abstract

Survey of drug resistance associated gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ESKAPE and other bacterial species

Cited by 43 publications

References 56 publications

Bacterial evolution during human infection: Adapt and live or adapt and die

Bacterial evolution during human infection: Adapt and live or adapt and die

Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Regimen in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Approaches for Mitigating Microbial Biofilm-Related Drug Resistance: A Focus on Micro- and Nanotechnologies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About