Survey of composition and generation rate of household wastes in Beijing, China

Qü, Xia; Li, Zhenshan; Xie, Xin-yuan; Sui, Yu-mei; Lei, Yang; Chen, You

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.014

Cited by 132 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Residents in affluent cities have relatively high purchasing power and consequently higher waste generation. In contrast to earlier findings that larger households produce less MSW per capita [49,50], the average household size is positively related to per capita MSW in China. A possible reason for this discrepancy is that 80.6% of households in urban areas of China are core households in which a married couple lives together with their unmarried children [60], and unmarried children generate more waste than average among family members [61].…”

Section: Community Characteristics and Per Capita Mswcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed that waste generated increases along with the improvement of living standards [2]; waste generation scales less than linearly as household size increases [49,50]; the dependency rate may result in different patterns of waste generation since households with dependents have very different consumption patterns compared to households with only working people [51]; while residents with higher education levels will have higher environmental awareness and produce less waste [52], the relationship between education and MSW generation is not definite [53]. Community and demographic characteristics, recycling policies, and public involvement in policy design will affect public participation in solid waste recycling [54].…”

Section: Variables and The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

2016

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This paper examines how and to what degree government policies of garbage fees and voluntary source separation programs, with free indoor containers and garbage bags, can affect the effectiveness of municipal solid waste (MSW) management, in the sense of achieving a desirable reduction of per capita MSW generation. Based on city-level panel data for years 1998-2012 in China, our empirical analysis indicates that per capita MSW generated is increasing with per capita disposable income, average household size, education levels of households, and the lagged per capita MSW. While both garbage fees and source separation programs have separately led to reductions in per capita waste generation, the interaction of the two policies has resulted in an increase in per capita waste generation due to the following crowding-out effects: Firstly, the positive effect of income dominates the negative effect of the garbage fee. Secondly, there are crowding-out effects of mandatory charging system and the subsidized voluntary source separation on per capita MSW generation. Thirdly, small subsidies and tax punishments have reduced the intrinsic motivation for voluntary source separation of MSW. Thus, compatible fee charging system, higher levels of subsidies, and well-designed public information and education campaigns are required to promote household waste source separation and reduction.

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Section: Community Characteristics and Per Capita Mswcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Variables and The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

2016

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“…From Table 2, the results shown that the total generation quantity, daily generation rate, total volume and density were 1464.5 kg, 0.66 kg/person/day, 19.73 m 3 and 74.7 kg/m 3 respectively in Tripoli city. Comparisons between the Tripoli city results and those for African and Arabic countries, the generation rate agreed with All Arabic countries [17], and Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Namibia, Senegal and Zimbabwe [18] but it is higher than 0.39 reported in Allahabad, India [19], 0.23 kg in Beijing [20], 0.55 kg in Abuja [21], 0.59 kg in Mexican city [22], and the 0.4 kg in Dares Salaam [23], but it is less than the 1.1 kg reported in Lagos [24] and 0.84 in Lahore city, Pakistan [25]. …”

Section: Household Solid Waste Generation Volume and Density In Placmentioning

confidence: 59%

Characterization of Household Solid Waste and Management in Tripoli City—Libya

Moftah¹,

Marković²,

Moftah³

et al. 2016

OJE

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Waste stream characteristics must be understood to tackle waste management problem in Tripoli city, Libya. It is recognized that information on both quantity and composition of generation waste is important for the effective planning of household waste handling infrastructure. So, this study is aimed to evaluating the generation, composition and density of household solid waste in Tripoli city, Libya. The study is carried out according to the Annex 2.

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“…In Beijing, organic waste comprises more than 60% of household waste [19,20]. The local authorities have been undertaking kitchen waste (KW) source separation campaigns since 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model of Chinese Household Kitchen Waste Separation Behavior: A Case Study in Beijing City

et al. 2016

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High participation rates by the public in authority projects are key in increasing resident recycling levels. Understanding waste separation behavior is crucial to achieving sustainable waste management within such household-based schemes. To identify the driving forces behind the seldom-discussed kitchen garbage separation behavior, five psychological factors, namely, attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, moral norms, and responsibility denial, are established. Our data originate from a social study of Beijing citizens conducted in July 2013 (n = 362). Through structural equation modeling, we find that moral norms are consistently the most important predictor of household kitchen waste (KW) separation behavior. Subjective norms have a larger effect on such behavior than responsibility denial. Data analysis shows that perceived behavior control contributes significantly and independently to the explanation of such behavior. By contrast, attitude towards KW separation is found to be significantly negatively correlated with separation behavior. In conclusion, the model with direct and indirect effects of psychological factors explains 50.3% of the variance in household KW source separation behavior. Implications of the results for the promotion of household KW separation programs are discussed.

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Survey of composition and generation rate of household wastes in Beijing, China

Cited by 132 publications

References 11 publications

The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

The Crowding-Out Effects of Garbage Fees and Voluntary Source Separation Programs on Waste Reduction: Evidence from China

Characterization of Household Solid Waste and Management in Tripoli City—Libya

Model of Chinese Household Kitchen Waste Separation Behavior: A Case Study in Beijing City

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