Survey of Cnidarian Gene Expression Profiles in Response to Environmental Stressors: Summarizing 20 Years of Research, What Are We Heading for?

Maor-Landaw, Keren; Levy, Oren

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31305-4_32

Cited by 15 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Transcriptomics, the study of all expressed genes in a cell, represents a window into the entire physiology of an organism under stress and represents a powerful tool to explore the stress response in natural populations that lack a genome assembly (Franssen et al, ; Wang, Gerstein, & Snyder, ). When faced with heat stress, corals mount a large and dynamic response that involves hundreds of transcripts and includes genes involved in oxidative stress, transcription regulation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix components (Bellantuono, Granados‐Cifuentes, Miller, Hoegh‐Guldberg, & Rodriguez‐Lanetty, ; Kenkel, Meyer, & Matz, ; Maor‐Landaw & Levy, ). Many of these changes initiate within 90 min of the onset of heat stress and are a complex mix of responses from different cell types (Traylor‐Knowles, Rose, & Palumbi, ; Traylor‐Knowles, Rose, Sheets, & Palumbi, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic resilience, symbiont shuffling, and vulnerability to recurrent bleaching in reef‐building corals

et al. 2019

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As climate change progresses and extreme temperature events increase in frequency, rates of disturbance may soon outpace the capacity of certain species of reef‐building coral to recover from bleaching. This may lead to dramatic shifts in community composition and ecosystem function. Understanding variation in rates of bleaching recovery among species and how that translates to resilience to recurrent bleaching is fundamental to predicting the impacts of increasing disturbances on coral reefs globally. We tracked the response of two heat sensitive species in the genus Acropora to repeated bleaching events during the austral summers of 2015 and 2017. Despite a similar bleaching response, the species Acropora gemmifera recovered faster based on transcriptome‐wide gene expression patterns and had a more dynamic algal symbiont community than Acropora hyacinthus growing on the same reef. Moreover, A. gemmifera had higher survival to repeated heat extremes, with six‐fold lower mortality than A. hyacinthus. These patterns suggest that speed of recovery from a first round of bleaching, based on multiple mechanisms, contributes strongly to sensitivity to a second round of bleaching. Furthermore, our data uncovered intragenus variation in a group of corals thought generally to be heat‐sensitive and therefore paint a more nuanced view of the future health of coral reef ecosystems against a backdrop of increasing thermal disturbances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic resilience, symbiont shuffling, and vulnerability to recurrent bleaching in reef‐building corals

et al. 2019

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“…In common with other corals containing zooxanthellae, G. fascicularis is likely stressed by warmer seawater due to global climate change. However, most previous studies have focused on the heat stress of branching corals, subsequently there is a lack of gene expression knowledge concerning massive corals that are known to be less susceptible to bleaching comparing to branching corals (Maor-Landaw and Levy, 2016 ). In the present study, the transcriptome response in the massive coral G. fascicularis under heat stress was investigated using the next generation sequencing technology (NGS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-Seq Reveals Extensive Transcriptional Response to Heat Stress in the Stony Coral Galaxea fascicularis

Hou

et al. 2018

Front. Genet.

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Galaxea fascicularis, a stony coral belonging to family Oculinidae, is widely distributed in Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and large areas of the Indo-Pacific oceans. So far there is a lack of gene expression knowledge concerning this massive coral. In the present study, G. fascicularis was subjected to heat stress at 32.0 ± 0.5°C in the lab, we found that the density of symbiotic zooxanthellae decreased significantly; meanwhile apparent bleaching and tissue lysing were observed at 10 h and 18 h after heat stress. The transcriptome responses were investigated in the stony coral G. fascicularis during heat bleaching using RNA-seq. A total of 42,028 coral genes were assembled from over 439 million reads. Gene expressions were compared at 10 and 18 h after heat stress. The significantly upregulated genes found in the Control_10h vs. Heat_10h comparison, presented mainly in GO terms related with DNA integration and unfolded protein response; and for the Control_18h vs. Heat_18h comparison, the GO terms include DNA integration. In addition, comparison between groups of Control_10h vs. Heat_10h and Control_18h vs. Heat_18h revealed that 125 genes were significantly upregulated in common between the two groups, whereas 21 genes were significantly downregulated in common, all these differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in stress response, DNA integration and unfolded protein response. Taken together, our results suggest that high temperature could activate the stress response at the early stage, and subsequently induce the bleaching and lysing through DNA integration and unfolded protein response, which are able to disrupt the balance of coral-zooxanthella symbiosis in the stony coral G. fascicularis.

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“…These corals grow in relatively shallow waters and are therefore subjected to daily and seasonal water temperature changes ( Shaked & Genin, 2015 ). We explored the expression patterns of seven genes, representatives of key cellular processes occurring during stress in Cnidaria including those in charge of redox regulation, heat shock, energy metabolism, DNA repair, and apoptosis ( Maor-Landaw & Levy, in press ). These processes (excluding the apoptotic caspase 3) were previously defined as a part of a minimal cellular stress proteome that is highly conserved throughout the metazoan ( Kültz, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiles during short-term heat stress; branchingvs.massive Scleractinian corals of the Red Sea

Maor-Landaw

Levy

2016

PeerJ

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It is well-established that there is a hierarchy of susceptibilities amongst coral genera during heat-stress. However, molecular mechanisms governing these differences are still poorly understood. Here we explored if specific corals possessing different morphologies and different susceptibilities to heat stress may manifest varied gene expression patterns. We examined expression patterns of seven genes in the branching corals Stylophora pistillata and Acropora eurystoma and additionally in the massive robust coral, Porites sp. The tested genes are representatives of key cellular processes occurring during heat-stress in Cnidaria: oxidative stress, ER stress, energy metabolism, DNA repair and apoptosis. Varied response to the heat-stress, in terms of visual coral paling, algal maximum quantum yield and host gene expression was evident in the different growth forms. The two branching corals exhibited similar overall responses that differed from that of the massive coral. A. eurystoma that is considered as a susceptible species did not bleach in our experiment, but tissue sloughing was evident at 34 • C. Interestingly, in this species redox regulation genes were up-regulated at the very onset of the thermal challenge. In S. pistillata, bleaching was evident at 34 • C and most of the stress markers were already up-regulated at 32 • C, either remaining highly expressed or decreasing when temperatures reached 34 • C. The massive Porites species displayed severe bleaching at 32 • C but stress marker genes were only significantly elevated at 34 • C. We postulate that by expelling the algal symbionts from Porites tissues, oxidation damages are reduced and stress genes are activated only at a progressed stage. The differential gene expression responses exhibited here can be correlated with the literature well-documented hierarchy of susceptibilities amongst coral morphologies and genera in Eilat's coral reef.Subjects Ecology, Marine Biology

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Survey of Cnidarian Gene Expression Profiles in Response to Environmental Stressors: Summarizing 20 Years of Research, What Are We Heading for?

Cited by 15 publications

References 150 publications

Transcriptomic resilience, symbiont shuffling, and vulnerability to recurrent bleaching in reef‐building corals

Transcriptomic resilience, symbiont shuffling, and vulnerability to recurrent bleaching in reef‐building corals

RNA-Seq Reveals Extensive Transcriptional Response to Heat Stress in the Stony Coral Galaxea fascicularis

Gene expression profiles during short-term heat stress; branchingvs.massive Scleractinian corals of the Red Sea

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