Survey of 7 Trichothecenes in Corn-Derived Feed and Feed Ingredients

Ogiso, Motoki; Ito, Shihomi; Kimura, Ayako; Saito, Maki; Sasaki, Ayako; Kibune, Nobuyuki; Watai, Masatoshi

doi:10.3358/shokueishi.54.213

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…The DON levels in DDGS were more homogeneous than those in corn. In Japan, DON, 3-acetyl-DON, and 15-acetyl-DON were detected in most DDGS and corn gluten feed samples, where the ranges of DON contamination in corn gluten meal samples and mixed feed samples were 50 -640 μg/kg and 150 -1200 μg/kg, respectively [42]. In addition, a typical order of the contaminant levels in contaminated feed or feed ingredients was: DON > 15acetyl-DON > 3-acetyl-DON.…”

Section: Zhang and Caupert (2012) Analyzed Various Mycotoxins Includmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxynivalenol, a Trichothecene Mycotoxin: Review of Its Masked Form, Contamination in Cereal-Based Feed, and Mass Spectrometry Analytical Methods

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Wan³

et al. 2015

Mil. Med. Sci. Lett.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene mycotoxin regularly occurring in cereals. It is toxic to humans and inhibits DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Moreover, its conjugated products, called masked mycotoxins, including DON-3-glucoside (DON-3G), is another "emerging" food safety issue in recent years. In this review, we first discussed the nature of contamination of masked DON in cereal-based food and feed; moreover, the new reported masked DON is summarized and we also focused on its toxicity and digestion in human and animal bodies. In addition, the contamination of DON in cereal-based feed in different countries was summarized and some regular patterns of DON occurrence are suggested. Finally, the LC-MS methods for the determination of DON and masked DON in food, feed and animal fluids were compared. This review will provide further information for DON and masked DON contamination and shed some light on the mycotoxin control strategies.

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Section: Zhang and Caupert (2012) Analyzed Various Mycotoxins Includmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxynivalenol, a Trichothecene Mycotoxin: Review of Its Masked Form, Contamination in Cereal-Based Feed, and Mass Spectrometry Analytical Methods

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Wan³

et al. 2015

Mil. Med. Sci. Lett.

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“…Asam and Rychlik (2009) Ogiso et al (2013) analysed corn-derived feed and feed ingredients, such as dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and corn gluten meal. DON was detected in all DDGS samples (range 120-6200 µg/kg), 3-and 15-Ac-DON in 26 samples with ranges of 20-120 and 10-2100 µg/kg respectively.…”

Section: Contribution Of Acetyl-derivatives To Total Deoxynivalenol Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statement on the risks for public health related to a possible increase of the maximum level of deoxynivalenol for certain semi‐processed cereal products

2013

EFS2

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The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to a possible increase of the maximum level (ML) of deoxynivalenol (DON) for certain semiprocessed cereal products from 750 µg/kg to 1000 µg/kg. For this statement, EFSA relied on existing occurrence data on DON in food collected between 2007 and 2012 and reported by 21 European countries. Due to the lack of appropriate occurrence data from pre-market monitoring, the impact of increasing the ML was estimated using a simulation approach, resulting in an expected increase in mean levels of the respective food products by a factor of 1.14-1.16. Based on median chronic exposure in several age classes, the percentage of consumers exceeding the group provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 1 µg/kg body weight (b.w.) for the sum of DON and its 3-and 15-acetyl-derivatives, established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 2010, is approximately 2-fold higher with the suggested increased ML than with the current ML. Several acute exposure scenarios resulted in exceedance of the group acute reference dose (ARfD) of 8 µg/kg b.w. established by JECFA with up to 25.9 % of the consumption days above the group ARfD. The EFSA Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain notes that the group health based guidance values (HBGVs) include 3-Ac-DON and 15-Ac-DON. The exposure from the acetyl-derivatives has not been covered in this statement, since the acetyl-derivatives are not included in the current or suggested increased ML and because only few occurrence data are available. An increase of the DON ML can be expected to be associated with an increase of the levels of DON and Ac-DONs, and can therefore increase the exposure and consequently the exceedances of the group HBGVs. © European Food Safety Authority, 2013 KEY WORDSdeoxynivalenol (DON), acetyl derivatives, semi-processed cereal products, occurrence, exposure, maximum level (ML), public health SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks to human health related to a possible increase of the maximum level (ML) of deoxynivalenol (DON) for flour, semolina, meal and flakes derived from wheat, maize or barley used as an ingredient, from 750 µg/kg to 1000 µg/kg, with the understanding that the ML for bread (including small bakery wares), pastries, biscuits, cereal snacks and breakfast cereals remains at the level of 500 µg/kg. DON, also known as vomitoxin, is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum. These fungi are plant pathogenic fungi that grow on the crop in the field and can grow in temperate climates. Besides DON, also the acetyl-derivatives, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-Ac-DON) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-Ac-DON) can be formed by these fungi and have been reported to occur together with DON. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3-...

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“…With continued interest in renewable fuels, ethanol production increased more than 13-fold from 2000 to 2013; as a result, ethanol production now supplies more than 35.5 million tons of distillers dried grains (DDG) with solubles (DDGS) and other co-products (Lim and Yildirim-Aksoy 2008;RFA 2014). However, numerous reports have recently presented or cited data on detectable mycotoxins in DDGS, and concerns have been raised about the use of U.S. DDGS as animal feed (Garcia et al 2008;Rodrigues 2008;Taylor-Pickard 2008;Wu and Munkvold 2008;Ogiso et al 2013;Khatibi et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, numerous reports have recently presented or cited data on detectable mycotoxins in DDGS, and concerns have been raised about the use of U.S. DDGS as animal feed (Garcia et al 2008;Rodrigues 2008;Taylor-Pickard 2008;Wu and Munkvold 2008;Ogiso et al 2013;Khatibi et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Mycotoxin Deactivation Product on Growth of Juvenile Rainbow Trout Fed Distillers Dried Grains

et al. 2015

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Distillers dried grains (DDG) with solubles (DDGS) is a product that has shown potential as a protein source for some fish species, but high inclusion rates of DDGS have not always been successfully achieved for Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Our objective was to determine whether inclusion of a mycotoxin deactivation product (Biofix Plus) could improve the ability of high‐protein DDG (HPDDG) to replace a portion of the fish meal in diets for Rainbow Trout. The 2 × 2 factorial feeding trial examined protein source (menhaden fish meal [MFM] or HPDDG) with or without Biofix Plus. A control diet (42% digestible protein, 20% crude lipid, 25% MFM) was compared to a test diet in which HPDDG replaced 12% of the total MFM on a digestible‐protein basis (24% HPDDG inclusion). Diets were fed to juvenile Rainbow Trout (initial weight: mean ± SE = 30.5 ± 1.6 g) in four replicate tanks per treatment for 9 weeks in a 15°C recirculating system. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, we observed no negative effects of fish meal replacement on growth or feed conversion ratio; no benefit of Biofix Plus supplementation was observed. These data indicate that when Rainbow Trout diets containing a high‐quality DDGS product are balanced for digestible protein, lysine, methionine, and threonine, dietary fish meal levels can be successfully reduced to 13% without compromising growth and without the need for mycotoxin deactivator inclusion.

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Survey of 7 Trichothecenes in Corn-Derived Feed and Feed Ingredients

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Deoxynivalenol, a Trichothecene Mycotoxin: Review of Its Masked Form, Contamination in Cereal-Based Feed, and Mass Spectrometry Analytical Methods

Deoxynivalenol, a Trichothecene Mycotoxin: Review of Its Masked Form, Contamination in Cereal-Based Feed, and Mass Spectrometry Analytical Methods

Statement on the risks for public health related to a possible increase of the maximum level of deoxynivalenol for certain semi‐processed cereal products

The Effect of a Mycotoxin Deactivation Product on Growth of Juvenile Rainbow Trout Fed Distillers Dried Grains

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