Survey for Asparagus Viruses I and II in New Jersey

Montasser, Magdy S.

doi:10.1094/pd-71-0497

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our monitoring showed a wide distribution of AV1 in large asparagus production regions in the world. Asparagus samples from German asparagus-growing regions and selected European and American countries showed a nearly 100% infection rate( Table 1 ), confirming data from previous reports ( Hein, 1960 ; Hein, 1969 ; Weissenfels and Schmelzer, 1976 ; Montasser and Davis, 1987 ; Kegler et al., 1991 ; Bandte et al., 2008 ; Nothnagel et al., 2011 ). There are multiple reasons for the observed infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…AV1 is endemic in all asparagus-growing countries worldwide. Previous investigations reported an AV1 infection status of 90% up to 100% in asparagus fields in different countries (Howell and Mink, 1985;Montasser and Davis, 1987;Kegler et al, 1991;Bandte et al, 2008;Knaflewski et al, 2008;Tomassoli et al, 2008;Nothnagel et al, 2013). Even though AV1-infected phylloclades do not show a symptomatic phenotype, plant vigor and resilience are affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Host range and molecular and ultrastructural analyses of Asparagus virus 1 pathotypes isolated from garden asparagus Asparagus officinalis L.

Lantos,

Krämer,

Richert-Pöggeler

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Asparagus samples were examined from growing areas of Germany and selected European as well as North, Central and South American countries. Overall, 474 samples were analyzed for Asparagus virus 1 (AV1) using DAS-ELISA. In our survey, 19 AV1 isolates were further characterized. Experimental transmission to 11 species belonging to Aizoaceae, Amarantaceae, Asparagaceae, and Solanaceae succeeded. The ultrastructure of AV1 infection in asparagus has been revealed and has been compared with the one in indicator plants. The cylindrical inclusion (CI) protein, a core factor in viral replication, localized within the cytoplasm and in systemic infections adjacent to the plasmodesmata. The majority of isolates referred to pathotype I (PI). These triggered a hypersensitive resistance in inoculated leaves of Chenopodium spp. and were incapable of infecting Nicotiana spp. Only pathotype II (PII) and pathotype III (PIII) infected Nicotiana benthamiana systemically but differed in their virulence when transmitted to Chenopodium spp. The newly identified PIII generated amorphous inclusion bodies and degraded chloroplasts during systemic infection but not in local lesions of infected Chenopodium spp. PIII probably evolved via recombination in asparagus carrying a mixed infection by PI and PII. Phylogeny of the coat protein region recognized two clusters, which did not overlap with the CI-associated grouping of pathotypes. These results provide evidence for ongoing modular evolution of AV1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Host range and molecular and ultrastructural analyses of Asparagus virus 1 pathotypes isolated from garden asparagus Asparagus officinalis L.

Lantos,

Krämer,

Richert-Pöggeler

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Jaspers and Falloon (1996) and Jaspers et al (1999) reported 10-100% virus infection inventories in New Zealand. In the USA, Hartung et al (1985) found 0-90% virus incidence in Michigan, and Montasser and Davis (1987) 50-80% AV-1 and AV-2 incidence in New Jersey. Falloon et al (1986) collected spears from 40 asparagus fields in California and found AV-1 in plants of 31 fields and AV-2 in plants of 10 fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the USA, Hartung et al. () found 0–90% virus incidence in Michigan, and Montasser and Davis () 50–80% AV‐1 and AV‐2 incidence in New Jersey. Falloon et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus

Nothnagel

Budahn

Krämer

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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Five asparagus cultivars, three breeding lines and the wild relative Asparagus amarus were tested for natural infection by Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) in experimental fields at two locations over 3 and 4 years, respectively. In the first year after re-planting the annual crowns in the field, more than 90% of tested plants of cultivars were infected by AV-1. In the third and fourth year, 100% of tested plants of cultivars were AV-1 infected. In comparison, all plants of the wild relative A. amarus were completely free of AV-1, suggesting a high level of resistance. Additionally, 1-year-old glasshouse-cultivated plants of A. officinalis and A. amarus were placed in an AV-1 provocation cabin under field conditions. Seven months later, 100% of the A. officinalis plants showed a high virus concentration in ELISA, whereas no AV-1 was detectable in the A. amarus plants. This result was confirmed by highly sensitive AV-1-specific RT-PCR. To exclude vector resistance, the feeding behaviour of green peach aphid Myzus persicae was tested over 12 h using the electrical penetration graph method. Both asparagus genotypes were accepted by the aphids as potential hosts, but the feeding time was significantly longer on A. amarus. A genetic distance analysis of the various cultivars of Asparagus officinalis and selected wild relatives of the JKI collection was carried out, resulting in a clear discrimination of cultivars and wild relatives, especially A. amarus. The potential breeding value of the putative resistance carrier is discussed. IntroductionVirus infections are an underestimated problem in asparagus production because symptoms are often inconspicuous or plants are symptomless. Currently, ten viruses have been identified in garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) worldwide, including three Asparagus viruses (AV-1, AV-2 and AV-3) for which asparagus is the only natural host. While AV-1 and AV-2 occur in many asparagus growing regions of the world, AV-3 has been found only in Japan (Fujisawa 1986;Tomassoli et al. 2012). Furthermore, apart from infecting various other vegetables, Tobacco streak virus (TSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) have also been found infecting asparagus. Another four viruses -Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Strawberry latent ring spot virus (SLRSV) and Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), that are of minor importance in asparagus have been reviewed by Knaflewski et al. (2008) and Tomassoli et al. (2012).The potyvirus Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) is distributed worldwide and is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphids. Its main vector is the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, but it can be transmitted also by

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