Survey and photogrammetry in underwater archaeological contexts at low visibility in the Venice lagoon

Costa, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.daach.2022.e00215

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Additionally, generating an accurate 3D replica of a surveyed object or site requires addressing specific issues, such as maintaining consistent radiometry and avoiding blurry, low-contrast, or over-/underexposed images. To overcome these challenges, Costa [21] outlines several adaptations to photogrammetry techniques specifically for low-visibility environments, such as highresolution cameras and strobe lighting, wide-field-of-view cameras, image stabilization and motion compensation, and image preprocessing techniques, such as noise reduction and denoising. These techniques can further improve image quality and reduce the impact of low-visibility conditions.…”

Section: Preliminary Consideration In Underwater Photogrammetric Data...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another factor that should not be underestimated is the presence of materials in the water; for example, if we consider the delta of a river or a lagoon environment [21], the suspended sand and clay particles will probably give the water a more turbid color, tending toward brown. The presence of phytoplankton is another cause of color distortion in underwater environments; in fact, it absorbs blue and red, resulting in a reflection of green.…”

Section: The Underwater Spectrum Of Light and Selective Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underwater Cultural Heritage Documentation Using Photogrammetry

Calantropio,

Chiabrando

2024

JMSE

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Underwater cultural heritage (UCH) is an irreplaceable resource with intrinsic value that requires preservation, documentation, and safeguarding. Documentation is fundamental to increasing UCH resilience, providing a basis for monitoring, conservation, and management. Advanced UCH documentation and virtualization technologies are increasingly important for dissemination and visualization purposes, domain expert study, replica reproduction, degradation monitoring, and all other outcomes after a metric survey of cultural heritage (CH). Among the different metric documentation techniques, underwater photogrammetry is the most widely used for UCH documentation. It is a non-destructive and relatively inexpensive method that can produce high-resolution 3D models and 2D orthomosaics of underwater sites and artifacts. However, underwater photogrammetry is challenged by the different optical properties of water, light penetration, visibility and suspension, radiometric issues, and environmental drawbacks that make underwater documentation difficult. This paper introduces some of the recent applications of photogrammetric techniques and methods for UCH documentation, as well as the needs and shortcomings of the current state of the art.

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Section: Preliminary Consideration In Underwater Photogrammetric Data...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Underwater Spectrum Of Light and Selective Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater Cultural Heritage Documentation Using Photogrammetry

Calantropio,

Chiabrando

2024

JMSE

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“…Another factor that should not be underestimated is the presence of materials in the water: for example, if we consider the delta of a river or a lagoon environment (Costa, 2022), the suspended sand and clay particles may give the water a turbid appearance and a color tending to brown. The presence of phytoplankton is another cause of color distortion in underwater environments; in fact, it absorbs blue and red, resulting in a reflection of green.…”

Section: Understanding Color Rendering Underwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Color Enhancement Methods for Underwater Photogrammetry in Very Shallow Water: a Case Study

Calantropio,

Chiabrando,

Menna

et al. 2024

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. Underwater photogrammetry is often hampered by chromatic aberration, leading to degraded 2D and 3D products. This study investigates the effectiveness of various color enhancement methods in addressing these challenges.Theoretical considerations indicate that light penetration depth varies inversely with wavelength, causing underwater images to exhibit a blue or green cast with increasing depth. Color enhancement techniques can restore natural colors by compensating for this spectral attenuation. Additionally, scattering, caused by light reflected by particles in the water, can introduce haze into underwater images. Color enhancement can mitigate scatter and improve image clarity. In this contribution, to quantitatively evaluate color enhancement methods, we compare original images with images processed using gray-world assumption methods and physical methods that account for the physical properties of light underwater. Using artificial intelligence (AI) for underwater image color enhancement, a data-driven approach was also employed. These methods were applied to a case study concerning a Roman Navis Lapidaria shipwreck carrying five monumental cipollino marble columns at a depth of 4.5 meters in the Porto Cesareo Marine Protected Area (Italy). These methods were compared quantitatively and qualitatively, and the results are presented and discussed.

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“…Traditional archaeological excavation methodologies, particularly in underwater (UW) contexts, have often relied upon scale bars or approximate topographic measurements [3]. At the same time, scalebars are indispensable for providing accurate scales to generated 3D models and 2D products during photogrammetric recording [4,5]; their standalone usage results in a deficiency in absolute georeferentiation, a necessity for multitemporal documentation and data integration from diverse sources and instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Georeferencing Strategies in Very Shallow Waters: A Novel GCPs Survey Approach for UCH Photogrammetric Documentation

Calantropio,

Chiabrando

2024

Remote Sensing

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The growing interest of the scientific community in surveying and monitoring submerged assets is motivated by the increasing demand for high-resolution products with certified accuracies. While many instrumental and methodological solutions for documenting, monitoring, and studying archaeological and cultural heritage through geomatics techniques are already available for the terrestrial environment, the challenge remains open to the underwater context. High-resolution capability and accurate positioning are still difficult to achieve in these environments. This paper discusses the limitations of positioning and georeferencing techniques in the underwater environment. It explores how existing methods and new instruments can be used to perform accurate topographic surveys of ground control points (GCPs) in very shallow waters (within 5 m depths), which can support the photogrammetric reconstruction of underwater assets. This research presents two innovative prototypes: a self-built plastic marker for topographic use in the underwater environment and a self-built aluminum pole for topographic use in the marine environment. The prototypes are tested and validated with a tilt-compensating smart antenna to reduce planar and altimetric errors when the pole is not perfectly level and to work independently of the shore proximity required when using a total station to perform said measurements.

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Survey and photogrammetry in underwater archaeological contexts at low visibility in the Venice lagoon

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Underwater Cultural Heritage Documentation Using Photogrammetry

Underwater Cultural Heritage Documentation Using Photogrammetry

Quantitative Evaluation of Color Enhancement Methods for Underwater Photogrammetry in Very Shallow Water: a Case Study

Georeferencing Strategies in Very Shallow Waters: A Novel GCPs Survey Approach for UCH Photogrammetric Documentation

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