Survey and applications of standardized energy metrics to mobile networks

Hamdoun, Hassan; Loskot, Pavel; O’Farrell, T.; He, Jianhua

doi:10.1007/s12243-012-0285-z

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, the most popular metric for measuring the performance of the system is "bits per Joule, " which is the number of bits transmitted per Joule of energy. Interested readers can find a more comprehensive taxonomy of green metrics in [14,17]. Reaching a consensus on a small set of standard energy metrics in future will not only accelerate research activities in green communications but also help to pave the way towards standardisation.…”

Section: Energy Efficiency Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Green Radio Communications Networks: Techniques and Recent Advances

Alsharif

Nordin

Ismail

2013

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications

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Energy efficiency in cellular networks has received significant attention from both academia and industry because of the importance of reducing the operational expenditures and maintaining the profitability of cellular networks, in addition to making these networks "greener. " Because the base station is the primary energy consumer in the network, efforts have been made to study base station energy consumption and to find ways to improve energy efficiency. In this paper, we present a brief review of the techniques that have been used recently to improve energy efficiency, such as energy-efficient power amplifier techniques, time-domain techniques, cell switching, management of the physical layer through multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) management, heterogeneous network architectures based on Micro-Pico-Femtocells, cell zooming, and relay techniques. In addition, this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each technique to contribute to a better understanding of each of the techniques and thereby offer clear insights to researchers about how to choose the best ways to reduce energy consumption in future green radio networks.

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Section: Energy Efficiency Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Green Radio Communications Networks: Techniques and Recent Advances

Alsharif

Nordin

Ismail

2013

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications

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“…T HE growing user traffic on radio access networks (RANs) requires the fifth generation (5G) of cellular mobile radio access technologies (RATs) to have higher area capacities, lower latencies and greater energy efficiency [1]. Moreover, the new 5G RANs are expected to be highly heterogeneous and ultra dense while operating both legacy and new RATs across diverse regions of the RF spectrum [2] [3]. In particular, 5G RATs will support user equipment (UE) with multiple concurrent connections to access nodes and diverse modes of carrier-aggregation (CA) and cognitive radio (CR) techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Independently Tunable Tri-Band Antenna Design for Concurrent Multiband Single Chain Radio Receivers

Bai

Singh

Ford

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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In this paper, a novel tunable tri-band antenna is presented for concurrent, multi-band, single chain radio receivers. The antenna is manufactured on a 50×100 mm FR4 printed circuit board (PCB), and is able to provide three concurrent, independently tunable operating bands covering a frequency range from 600 MHz to 2.7 GHz. The antenna performance is investigated for both numerical and experimental methods when using, first, varactor diodes and, second, digitally tunable capacitors (DTCs) to tune frequencies, which shows the antenna gain can be improved by up to 2.6 dBi by using DTCs. A hardware-in-the-loop test-bed provides a system level evaluation of the proposed antenna in a direct RF digitized, concurrent, tri-band radio receiver. By measuring the receiver's error vector magnitude, we demonstrate sufficient isolation between concurrent bands achieving 30 MHz of aggregated bandwidth as well as strong resilience to adjacent blockers next to each band. The data reported in this article are available from the ORDA digital repository (

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“…The fifth generation (5G) of cellular mobile radio access technologies (RATs) is expected to be highly heterogeneous operating with ultra dense radio access networks (RANs) consisting of legacy and new RATs to support the ever growing demand for high data transmission rates, lower latencies and higher energy efficiencies [1][2] [3]. This will require the user equipment (UE) and the base transceiver stations (BTSs) to incorporate multiple radio units, each for a different RAT, which will increase the total number of radio transceiver chains at both ends of the wireless link.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent, Tunable, Multi-Band, Single Chain Radio Receivers for 5G RANs

Singh

Bai

O’Farrell

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

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A concurrent, tunable, tri-band, single chain radio receiver for 5G radio access networks is evaluated. The three concurrent bands are independently tunable over a frequency range from 600 MHz to 2.7 GHz. A hardware-in-the-loop test-bed provides a system level evaluation of the proposed receiver using direct RF digitization. The test-bed emulates a 5G heterogeneous network supporting three wideband, simultaneous connections. By measuring the receiver EVM, we demonstrate sufficient isolation between concurrent bands achieving 60 MHz of aggregated bandwidth as well as strong resilience to adjacent blockers.

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Survey and applications of standardized energy metrics to mobile networks

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Survey of Green Radio Communications Networks: Techniques and Recent Advances

Survey of Green Radio Communications Networks: Techniques and Recent Advances

An Independently Tunable Tri-Band Antenna Design for Concurrent Multiband Single Chain Radio Receivers

Concurrent, Tunable, Multi-Band, Single Chain Radio Receivers for 5G RANs

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