Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) for Hospitalized Patients in Northern Vietnam, 2011–2014

Nguyen, Hang K.; Nguyen, Son; Nguyen, Anh Dat; Hoang, Phuong Mai; Le, Thanh Thi; Nguyen, Thach Co; Hoang, Huong T. T.; Vuong, Cuong Duc; Tran, Loan; Le, Mai Quynh

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2016.463

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The highest rates of viral infections were reported for RSV (45.2%), PIV (11.6%), and adenovirus (9.8%), with a relatively low rate (7.2%) for influenza viruses. Not unexpected, RSV was the most predominant respiratory virus with a prevalence of 45%; emphasizing its role as the major cause of SARI in infants and young children worldwide [7,8,[13][14][15][16][17]. Notably, the proportion of SARI cases positive for RSV in children <5 years in our surveillance (90%) was markedly higher than those reported in surveillance data from Kenya, 21% [11], Southern Arizona, 31% [14], and even higher than previous studies in Egypt [18].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI): results from the Egyptian surveillance study 2010–2014

Hatem

Mohamed

Elhassan

et al. 2019

Multidiscip Respir Med

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Background Respiratory viral and atypical bacterial infections data in Egyptian patients are sparse. This study describes the clinical features and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in hospitalized patients in Egypt. Methods SARI surveillance was implemented at Cairo University Hospital (CUH) during the period 2010–2014. All hospitalized patients meeting the WHO case definition for SARI were enrolled. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swabs were collected and samples were tested using RT-PCR for influenza A, B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza virus (PIV 1,2,3,4), adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, enterovirus, rhinovirus, and atypical bacteria. Data were analyzed to calculate positivity rates for viral pathogens and determine which pathogens related to severe outcomes or resulted in death. Results Overall, 1,075/3,207 (33.5%) cases had a viral etiology, with a mean age of 5.74 (±13.87) years. The highest rates were reported for RSV (485 cases, 45.2%), PIV (125, 11.6%), and adenovirus (105, 9.8%). Children had a higher viral rate (981, 91.2%) compared to 94 (8.8%) cases in adults. Patients with identified viruses had significantly lower rates for ICU admission, hospital stay, mechanical ventilation, and overall mortality than those without identified viruses. No infections were independently associated with severe outcomes. Conclusions Viral pathogens were encountered in one-third of hospitalized adult and pediatric Egyptian patients with SARI, while atypical bacteria had a minor role. Highest rates of viral infections were reported for RSV, PIV, and adenovirus. Viral infections had neither negative impacts on clinical features nor outcomes of patients with SARI in our locality.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Interestingly, children <18 years represented the majority (91.2%) of our cohort. Notably, this contradicts findings observed by other studies [14,15]. In their surveillance for SARI in Northern Vietnam, Nguyen et al [15] observed that 22.7% of their cohort were children <18 years, while 77.3% were adults >18 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI): results from the Egyptian surveillance study 2010–2014

Hatem

Mohamed

Elhassan

et al. 2019

Multidiscip Respir Med

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“…Although the highest number of cases was associated with influenza A; most cases of RSV, adenoviruses, B. pertussis and enteroviruses occurred in children less than ten years old. These organisms were previously reported to be most common among children [ In contrast to RSV and pertussis, influenza cases occurred mostly in elderly population, a pattern of influenza that has been previously demonstrated [ 22,23]. Similar findings were reported in the Egyptian Delta, where influenza was the major cause of acute RTIs and was most common among individuals 65 years old or more [ 10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized Palestinian patients: a retrospective study

Seir

Njoum

Najajrah

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major public health concern. This study aims to investigate the profiles and epidemiological characteristics of acute RTIs and respiratory pathogens in Palestinian hospitalized patients. Methods: Clinical samples from hospitalized patients with symptoms of acute RTIs admitted between January 2011 and December 2016 are referred to Palestinian Central Public Health Laboratory (PHCL) to identify the causative pathogen. Patients’ demographic information and the results of the molecular identification were retrieved from the electronic database at the PHCL. The results of the detections were analyzed to explore the distribution of pathogens resulting in hospitalization among patients with RTIs across age, gender, region, year and season. Results: A total of 15413 patients with acute RTIs were hospitalized during the study period. The causal agent was identified only in 28.7% of the patients. Overall, influenza viruses were the most common cause of RTIs among hospitalized Palestinian patients in the West Bank. The elderly population (≥60 years old) had the highest rates. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis ) followed influenza, respectively. Children showed the highest hospitalization rates for these two infections along with adenovirus, enterovirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Outbreaks of RTIs occurred mainly during winter (between December and March). Conclusions: Influenza viruses are the major cause acute RTIs among hospitalized patients in the West Bank. Children and elderlies have the highest risk for RTIs. The reoccurrence of B. pertussis in spite of vaccination is alarming and requires further investigation.

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“…In this study, respiratory pathogens could be categorized into four groups: single-infection of influenza A (39.4%), influenza B (21.7%), influenza, and multiple coinfections with two pathogens (21.7), three pathogens (12.0%), and four pathogens (5.2%). Studies conducted in Vietnam [24], Lao PDR [25], Japan [26], the Netherlands [27], and India [28] has reported both single and multiple respiratory infections were found more frequently in young children (<5 year). [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Coinfections in Children with Influenza during 2015/16 Winter Season in Nepal

Upadhyay

Banjara

Shrestha

et al. 2018

International Journal of Microbiology

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Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Nepal. Besides the influenza, several other pathogens are responsible for acute respiratory infection in children. Etiology of infections is poorly characterized at the course of clinical management, and hence empirical antimicrobial agents are used. The objective of this study was to characterize the influenza and other respiratory pathogens by real-time PCR assay. A total of 175 throat swab specimens of influenza-positive cases collected at National Influenza Center, Nepal, during the 2015/16 winter season were selected for detecting other respiratory copathogens. Total nucleic acid was extracted using Pure Link viral RNA/DNA mini kit (Invitrogen), and multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed. Influenza A and B viruses were found in 120 (68.6%) and 55 (31.4%) specimens, respectively, among which coinfections were found in 106 (60.6%) specimens. Among the influenza A-positive cases, 25 (20.8%) were A/H1N1 pdm09 and 95 (79.2%) were A/H3 subtypes. Viruses coinfected frequently with influenza virus in children were rhinovirus (26; 14.8%), respiratory syncytial virus A/B (19; 10.8%), adenovirus (14; 8.0%), coronavirus (CoV)-HKU1 (14; 8.0%), CoV-OC43 (5; 2.9%), CoV-229E (2; 1.1%), metapneumovirus A/B (5; 2.9%), bocavirus (6; 3.4%), enterovirus (5; 2.9%), parainfluenza virus-1 (3; 1.7%), and parainfluenza virus-3 (2; 1.1%). Coinfection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae with influenza virus was found in children (5; 2.8%). Most of the viral infection occurred in young children below 5 years of age. In addition to influenza virus, nine different respiratory pathogens were detected, of which coinfections of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus A/B were predominantly found in children. This study gives us better information on the respiratory pathogen profile and coinfection combinations which are important for diagnosis and treatment of ARIs.

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Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) for Hospitalized Patients in Northern Vietnam, 2011–2014

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI): results from the Egyptian surveillance study 2010–2014

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI): results from the Egyptian surveillance study 2010–2014

Acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized Palestinian patients: a retrospective study

Etiology of Coinfections in Children with Influenza during 2015/16 Winter Season in Nepal

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